Mobile Backbones for Single and Multi-radio Networks

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Engineering by Maurizio Antonio Nanni In this thesis we thoroughly investigate the problem of formulating a distributed protocol for building up and maintaining a backbone structure, i.e., a connected dominating set (CDS) of mobile ad hoc wireless network (MANET). We present a novel solution, termed M-Backs, which shows fast convergence and low overhead. We compared M-Backs with other well-known backbone formation protocols, namely, ETSA [1], TRUNC [2] and GDMAC [3]. Experimental results show that M-Backs outperforms the other solutions in terms of key topological metrics such as backbone size, backbone connectivity, route length and backbone robustness. M-Backs also outperforms the other solutions in delivering an higher percentage of data packets to destination with lower end-to-end latency and in reducing the routing control overhead of flooding-based routing protocols such as AODV [4]. This thesis also focuses on showing the advantage of using multiple interfaces at nodes. To this purpose, we extended M-Backs to a multi-radio scenario in which each node is equipped with two radius interfaces Ir and IR with different transmission radii r and R. We proved via simulations that our multi-radio backbone formation protocol, termed MM-Backs, improves over M-Backs in terms of both topological and traffic related metrics. In the last chapter of this thesis we defined a model for multi-radio networks and we quantified the gain obtained by employing multi-radio technology. For instance, we show that multi-radio networks connectivity grows with increasing the number of radio interfaces following a super additive law, i.e., that the connectivity of a topology with multi-radio nodes can be bigger that the sum of the connectivity of the topologies corresponding to each technology. In this last section we also shown through experimental simulations that the use of multiple radios not only increases the total throughput, but also obtains lower nodal energy consumption.

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