Eccentricity effects on blur and depth perception.

Foveation and (de)focus are two important visual factors in designing near eye displays. Foveation can reduce computational load by lowering display details towards the visual periphery, while focal cues can reduce vergence-accommodation conflict thereby lessening visual discomfort in using near eye displays. We performed two psychophysical experiments to investigate the relationship between foveation and focus cues. The first study measured blur discrimination sensitivity as a function of visual eccentricity, where we found discrimination thresholds significantly lower than previously reported. The second study measured depth discrimination threshold where we found a clear dependency on visual eccentricity. We discuss the study results and suggest further investigation.

[1]  Martin S. Banks,et al.  A stereo display prototype with multiple focal distances , 2004, SIGGRAPH 2004.

[2]  Gordon Wetzstein,et al.  The light field stereoscope , 2015, ACM Trans. Graph..

[3]  Yasuhiro Takaki,et al.  High-Density Directional Display for Generating Natural Three-Dimensional Images , 2006, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[4]  Guanjun Tan,et al.  Polarization-multiplexed multiplane display. , 2018, Optics letters.

[5]  A. V. Smirnov,et al.  Visualization of arc and plasma flow patterns for advanced material processing , 2015, J. Vis..

[6]  Pablo Artal,et al.  Peripheral refractive errors in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic young subjects. , 2002, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[7]  Joohwan Kim,et al.  Towards foveated rendering for gaze-tracked virtual reality , 2016, ACM Trans. Graph..

[8]  Tao Zhan,et al.  High-resolution additive light field near-eye display by switchable Pancharatnam-Berry phase lenses. , 2018, Optics express.

[9]  H. Levitt.  Transformed up-down methods in psychoacoustics. , 1971, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[10]  MiYoung Kwon,et al.  Linkage between retinal ganglion cell density and the nonuniform spatial integration across the visual field , 2019, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[11]  Frederic E. Ives.  A novel stereogram , 1902 .

[12]  Felix A. Wichmann,et al.  Painfree and accurate Bayesian estimation of psychometric functions for (potentially) overdispersed data , 2016, Vision Research.

[13]  Joohwan Kim,et al.  Perceptually-guided foveation for light field displays , 2017, ACM Trans. Graph..

[14]  H R Taylor,et al.  Applying new design principles to the construction of an illiterate E chart. , 1978, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[15]  Hans-Peter Seidel,et al.  Saccade landing position prediction for gaze-contingent rendering , 2017, ACM Trans. Graph..

[16]  A. Watson.  A formula for human retinal ganglion cell receptive field density as a function of visual field location. , 2014, Journal of vision.

[17]  Desney S. Tan,et al.  Foveated 3D graphics , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[18]  Bin Wang,et al.  Equiblur zones at the fovea and near retinal periphery , 2006, Vision Research.

[19]  Derek Nowrouzezahrai,et al.  Learning hatching for pen-and-ink illustration of surfaces , 2012, TOGS.

[20]  Douglas Lanman,et al.  Near-eye light field displays , 2013, SIGGRAPH Emerging Technologies.

[21]  Steve Marschner,et al.  Matching Real Fabrics with Micro-Appearance Models , 2015, ACM Trans. Graph..

[22]  Giuseppe Molesini,et al.  Depth of Focus in Peripheral Vision , 1975 .

[23]  Nobuyuki Fujisawa,et al.  Occurrence of asymmetrical flow pattern behind an orifice in a circular pipe , 2011, J. Vis..

[24]  LuebkeDavid,et al.  Near-eye light field displays , 2013 .

[25]  Tao Zhan,et al.  Wavelength-multiplexed multi-focal-plane seethrough near-eye displays. , 2019, Optics express.

[26]  Emily A. Cooper,et al.  Blur and Disparity Are Complementary Cues to Depth , 2012, Current Biology.

[27]  G WESTHEIMER,et al.  Dynamics of accommodation responses of the human eye , 1960, The Journal of physiology.

[28]  Ming C. Lin,et al.  Example-guided physically based modal sound synthesis , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[29]  Gordon Wetzstein,et al.  Optimizing virtual reality for all users through gaze-contingent and adaptive focus displays , 2017, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[30]  Jenny C A Read,et al.  Visual Perception: Understanding Visual Cues to Depth , 2012, Current Biology.

[31]  Gordon D. Love,et al.  Creating correct blur and its effect on accommodation , 2018, Journal of vision.

[32]  Guanjun Tan,et al.  Foveated imaging for near-eye displays. , 2018, Optics express.