Ankle and foot complex

Abstract Foot is the only the part of human body that provides interface between body and surface where the human stands on in an upright posture. It has two distinct characteristics that make human foot functionally unprecedented. As a weight bearing structure, it must be stable enough to bear body weight and resist the external forces, works like a catapult that exert force to push body up and forward during walking. However, at the same time, it must be flexible enough to accommodate different surface of terrains where the human walk, run and perform other activities. This chapter covers structures of ankle and foot complex including bones, joints and muscles, and their integration in normal and pathological conditions.