Hydrology of area 50, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Wyoming and Montana

................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction........................................................................................................................................2 1.1 Objective......................................................................................................................................2 Frederick A. Kilpatrick and Marlin E. Lowry 1.2 Perspective....................................................................................................................................4 Marlin E. Lowry and James G. Rankl 1.3 Hydrologic effects of coal mining........................................................................................6 1.3.1 Regional effects......................................................................................................6 Marlin E. Lowry 1.3.2 Local effects........................................................................................................................8 Marlin E. Lowry 2.0 Definition of terms..............................................................................................................................10 3.0 Physiography 3.1 Climate....................................................................................................................................... 12 H. W. Lowham 3.2 Landforms................................................................................................................................... 14 James G. Rankl 3.3 Drainage..................................................................................................................................... 16 James G. Rankl 3.4 Soils..........................................................................................................................................18 James G. Rankl 3.5 Vegetation...................................................................................................................................20 David A. Peterson 3.6 Geology 3.6.1 Structure and stratigraphy......................................................................................................22 Marlin E. Lowry 3.6.2 Surficial geology......................^...........................................................................................24 Marlin E. Lowry 3.6.3 Coal.................................................................................................................................26 Gary B. Glass, Wyoming State Geologist 4.0 Economic development 4.1 Surface ownership.........................................................................................................................28 David A. Peterson and Marlin E. Lowry 4.2 Minerals ownership........................................................................................................................30 Marlin E. Lowry 4.3 Land and water use........................................................................................................................32 David A. Peterson 4.4 Coal...........................................................................................................................................34 Gary B. Glass, Wyoming State Geologist 4.5 Other mineral resources..................................................................................................................36 Marlin E. Lowry (U. S. Geological Survey) and Alan J. Ver Ploeg and Ray E. Harris (The Geological Survey of Wyoming)