‘What do you want me to say?’ On the Conversation Analysis approach to bilingual interaction

Is language simply a medium for the expression of intentions, motives, or interests, or is it also a site for uncovering the method through which ordered activity is generated? This question has wide-ranging implications for the study of bilingual interaction in particular, and for sociolinguistics generally. This article attempts to explicate the principles behind the Conversation Analysis (CA) approach to bilingual interaction. It addresses some of the criticisms that have been leveled against the CA approach, using both new data and new analyses of previously published examples. (Keywords: Conversation Analysis, bilingual interaction, code-switching).*

[1]  John Local Continuing and Restarting , 1992 .

[2]  E. Goffman Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience , 1974 .

[3]  J. Auer,et al.  A conversation analytic approach to code-switching and transfer , 2003 .

[4]  Margaret Wetherell,et al.  Positioning and Interpretative Repertoires: Conversation Analysis and Post-Structuralism in Dialogue , 1998 .

[5]  Celso Álvarez Cáccamo From "switching code" to "code-switching": towards a reconceptualisation of communicative codes , 1998 .

[6]  John Local,et al.  Phonology for conversation: Phonetic aspects of turn delimitation in London Jamaican , 1985 .

[7]  You know what I mean? Agreement marking in British black English , 1986 .

[8]  Carol Myers-Scotton,et al.  Explaining the role of norms and rationality in codeswitching , 2000 .

[9]  C. Myers-Scotton Social Motivations For Codeswitching: Evidence from Africa , 1994 .

[10]  Anita M. Pomerantz Agreeing and disagreeing with assessments: some features of preferred/dispreferred turn shapes , 1984 .

[11]  L. Milroy,et al.  A two‐step sociolinguistic analysis of code‐switching and language choice: the example of a bilingual Chinese community in Britain , 1992 .

[12]  Carol Myers-Scotton,et al.  Code-switching as indexical of social negotiations , 2003, The Bilingualism Reader.

[13]  Pieter Muysken,et al.  One Speaker, Two Languages: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Code-Switching , 1995 .

[14]  E. Schegloff Whose Text? Whose Context? , 1997 .

[15]  J. M. Atkinson Structures of Social Action: Contents , 1985 .

[16]  Sarah J. Shin,et al.  Conversational codeswitching among Korean-English bilingual children , 2000 .

[17]  S. Burt Codeswitching, convergence and compliance: The development of micro‐community speech norms , 1992 .

[18]  J. Bilmes The concept of preference in conversation analysis , 1988, Language in Society.

[19]  Tim May,et al.  Situating Social Theory , 1996 .

[20]  T. Parsons,et al.  Readings from Talcott Parsons , 1985 .

[21]  L. Milroy,et al.  Conversational code-switching in a Chinese community in Britain: a sequential analysis , 1995 .

[22]  Emanuel A. Schegloff,et al.  Reply to Wetherell , 1998 .

[23]  P. Have Methodological Issues in Conversation Analysis1 , 1990 .

[24]  M. Bakhtin,et al.  Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics , 1985 .

[25]  Diana Eades,et al.  You Gotta know how to talk …: Information seeking in south‐east Queensland aboriginal society , 1982 .

[26]  Peter Auer,et al.  Introduction: John Gumperz’ Approach to Contextualization , 1992 .

[27]  J. Local,et al.  Towards a phonology of conversation: turn-taking in Tyneside English , 1986, Journal of Linguistics.

[28]  L. Milroy,et al.  Discourse Patterns and Fieldwork Strategies in Urban Settings , 1991 .

[29]  Mary Bucholtz,et al.  The politics of transcription , 2000 .

[30]  H. Garfinkel Studies in Ethnomethodology , 1968 .

[31]  Peter Auer,et al.  The contextualization of language , 1992 .

[32]  F. Grosjean The Bilingual's Language Modes. , 2001 .

[33]  Caryl Emerson,et al.  Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics , 1985 .

[34]  Ronald Wardhaugh,et al.  How conversation works , 1986 .

[35]  C. Myers-Scotton,et al.  Calculating speakers: Codeswitching in a rational choice model , 2001, Language in Society.

[36]  C. Briggs Learning how to ask: Native metacommunicative competence and the incompetence of fieldworkers , 1984, Language in Society.

[37]  Li Wei Three Generations, Two Languages, One Family: Language Choice and Language Shift in a Chinese Community in Britain , 1994 .

[38]  S. Duncan,et al.  Some Signals and Rules for Taking Speaking Turns in Conversations , 1972 .

[39]  Mark Sebba,et al.  1 We, they and identity : Sequential versus identity- related explanation in code-switching , 1998 .

[40]  E. Schegloff Discourse as an interactional achievement : Some uses of "Uh huh" and other things that come between sentences , 1982 .

[41]  C. Myers-Scotton Common and uncommon ground: Social and structural factors in codeswitching , 1993, Language in Society.

[42]  E. Schegloff,et al.  A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation , 1974 .

[43]  G. Button Ethnomethodology and the human sciences: Contributors , 1991 .

[44]  J. Gafaranga Medium repair vs. other-language repair: Telling the medium of a bilingual conversation , 2000 .

[45]  C. Scotton 6. Codeswitching as indexical of social negotiations , 1988 .

[46]  Don Kulick,et al.  Code-switching in Gapun: Social and linguistic aspects of language use in a language shifting community , 1990 .

[47]  C. Stroud The problem of intention and meaning in code-switching , 1992 .

[48]  J. Burgoon,et al.  Nonverbal Communication , 2018, Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science.

[49]  Perspectives on cultural variability of discourse and some implications for code-switching , 1998 .