Control of Gap Junction Permeability can Control Pattern Formation in Limb Development

It is known that in many developing systems the developmental pathway taken by a cell depends not only on its genome and history, but also on where it is in relation to other cells (Wolpert 1969). Consequently, in order to understand how a relatively unstructured egg leads to an adult organism with many different cell types arranged in the appropriate spatial pattern, it is necessary to understand how the spatial pattern of cellular differentiation is controlled. Spatially-dependent differentiation, or pattern formation for short, is often thought to result from the response of individual cells to an underlying spatial pattern of one or more substances called morphogens, which directly or indirectly initiate cellular differentiation (Wolpert 1969; Meinhardt 1982). Turing (1952), who coined the term morphogen, suggested a mechanism by which an initially-homogeneous distribution of morphogens could give rise to a spatial pattern through the interaction of reaction and diffusion.

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