Robust PID Load Frequency Controller Design with Specific Gain and Phase Margin for Multi-area Power Systems

Abstract In interconnected power systems, the load frequency control (LFC) is considered a hugely beneficial ancillary service. The goal of the LFC in an interconnected power system is to limit the frequency of each area within certain bounds and to maintain the tie-line power flows within some pre-specified latitudes by balancing the power outputs of the generators so as to satisfy ever changing load demands. In the classical control theory, PID controller is said to be robust if it provides some specific gain and phase margin. In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed for the robust PID controller design having specific gain and phase margins for LFC in a multi-area power system. The proposed technique is based on stability boundary locus and PID controllers are designed for four-area power system having different types of turbines. The simulations are carried out using MATLAB and effectiveness of the proposed methodology is verified by the comparison with a recently published approach.