Radar Constant-Modulus Waveform Optimization for High-Resolution Range Profiling of Stationary Targets

The high-resolution range (HRR) profile is an important target signature in many applications (e.g., automatic target recognition), and the radar HRR profiling performance is highly dependent on radar transmitted waveforms. In this paper, we consider the constant-modulus (CM) waveform optimization problem to improve HRR profiling performance for stationary targets. Firstly, several fundamental bounds regarding the profiling ambiguity, stability, and accuracy are derived. Further investigation reveals that the stability and accuracy of HRR profiling are unified in the white noise case. Aimed at improving the profiling stability and accuracy, we design two types of CM radar waveforms—the arbitrary-phase and QPSK waveforms—through a customized Gaussian randomization method. The performance of LFM waveforms is also discussed. Numerical experiments show that the optimized CM waveforms can dramatically enhance the profiling performance over the unoptimized ones.

[1]  Yan Zhang,et al.  QPSK signal design for given correlation matrix , 2016 .

[2]  Mark R. Bell.  Information theory and radar waveform design , 1993, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[3]  Hongwei Liu,et al.  Wideband cognitive radar waveform optimization for joint target radar signature estimation and target detection , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[4]  Mojtaba Radmard,et al.  MIMO radar signal design to improve the MIMO ambiguity function via maximizing its peak , 2016, Signal Process..

[5]  Ning Fang,et al.  Scale-space theory-based multi-scale features for aircraft classification using HRRP , 2016 .

[6]  Jian Li,et al.  Super resolution feature extraction of moving targets , 2001 .

[7]  Rick S. Blum,et al.  MIMO radar waveform design based on mutual information and minimum mean-square error estimation , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[8]  Xiang Li,et al.  An Adaptive Feature Learning Model for Sequential Radar High Resolution Range Profile Recognition , 2017, Sensors.

[9]  Antonio De Maio,et al.  Intrapulse radar-embedded communications via multiobjective optimization , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[10]  Yan Zhang,et al.  Radar Constant-Modulus Waveform Design with Prior Information of the Extended Target and Clutter , 2016, Sensors.

[11]  Xiaolin Qiao,et al.  A waveform design method for suppressing range sidelobes in desired intervals , 2014, Signal Process..

[12]  Xian-Da Zhang,et al.  Matrix Analysis and Applications , 2017 .

[13]  Augusto Aubry,et al.  Optimizing polarimetrie radar waveform and filter bank for extended targets in clutter , 2016, 2016 IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop (SAM).

[14]  M.A. Neifeld,et al.  Adaptive Waveform Design and Sequential Hypothesis Testing for Target Recognition With Active Sensors , 2007, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[15]  A. Böttcher,et al.  On the condition numbers of large semidefinite Toeplitz matrices , 1998 .

[16]  Augusto Aubry,et al.  Robust Waveform and Filter Bank Design of Polarimetric Radar , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[17]  J. S. Goldstein,et al.  Full-polarization matched-illumination for target detection and identification , 2002 .

[18]  Jian Li,et al.  Waveform Synthesis for Diversity-Based Transmit Beampattern Design , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[19]  P. P. Vaidyanathan,et al.  MIMO Radar Waveform Optimization With Prior Information of the Extended Target and Clutter , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[20]  B. Hofmann-Wellenhof,et al.  Introduction to spectral analysis , 1986 .

[21]  Tianyao Huang,et al.  Cognitive random stepped frequency radar with sparse recovery , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[22]  Ric A. Romero,et al.  Waveform design in signal-dependent interference and application to target recognition with multiple transmissions , 2009 .

[23]  A. Nehorai,et al.  Information Theoretic Adaptive Radar Waveform Design for Multiple Extended Targets , 2007, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[24]  Dante C. Youla,et al.  Optimum transmit-receiver design in the presence of signal-dependent interference and channel noise , 1999, Conference Record of the Thirty-Third Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers (Cat. No.CH37020).

[25]  Adaptive Compressed Sensing via Minimizing Cramer–Rao Bound , 2014, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[26]  Huadong Meng,et al.  Phase-Modulated Waveform Design for Extended Target Detection in the Presence of Clutter , 2011, Sensors.

[27]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Adaptive Waveform Design for Improved Detection of Low-RCS Targets in Heavy Sea Clutter , 2007, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[28]  Augusto Aubry,et al.  Ambiguity Function Shaping for Cognitive Radar Via Complex Quartic Optimization , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[29]  Tianyao Huang,et al.  Fundamental Limits of HRR Profiling and Velocity Compensation for Stepped-Frequency Waveforms , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[30]  Rick S. Blum,et al.  Minimax Robust MIMO Radar Waveform Design , 2007, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[31]  Zheng Bao,et al.  Noise Robust Radar HRRP Target Recognition Based on Multitask Factor Analysis With Small Training Data Size , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[32]  Xiaohua Zhu,et al.  Adaptive radar phase-coded waveform design , 2009 .

[33]  Mark A. Richards,et al.  Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing , 2005 .

[34]  A. Zyweck,et al.  Radar target classification of commercial aircraft , 1996, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.