Job Stress, Type-A Behavior, and Well-Being: A Cross-Cultural Examination

This study examined the relationship of job stress and Type-A behavior with employee well-being among professors in Canada and Pakistan. Employee well-being was operationalized in terms of burnout, satisfaction (Job Description Index) with pay, work, coworkers and supervision, and turnover intention. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire from college professors in metropolitan cities in Canada (N = 420) and Pakistan (N = 335). Pearson correlation and moderated multiple regression were used to analyze the data. In both countries, both job stress and global Type-A behavior were significantly related to a number of well-being variables. In general, the relationship of job stress and Type-A behavior with well-being variables was essentially the same in both Pakistan and Canada. Two components of Type-A behavior (time pressure and hard driving/competitiveness) exhibited the same pattern of results with well-being variables as were found with the global measure of Type-A behavior. Moderated multiple regression only partially supported the role of Type-A behavior as a moderator of the stress–well-being relationship.

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