论文信息 - Experimental Evidence for the Collective Nature of the Characteristic Energy Loss of Electrons in Solids —Studies on the Dispersion Relation of Plasma Frequency—

Experimental Evidence for the Collective Nature of the Characteristic Energy Loss of Electrons in Solids —Studies on the Dispersion Relation of Plasma Frequency—

The energy loss of 25 kv electrons was studied by a modified velocity analyzer of Mollenstedt type. By means of the analyzer we obtained the diagram which shows the variation of energy loss with the scattering angle. The specimens studied were Be, Mg, Al, Ge and C (graphite). In the diagram we classified six types of patterns in which two are of the fundamental importance: (1) The first type is the sharp energy loss lines such as first discovered for Al and Be by Ruthemann. In the present experiment it was found that the value of energy loss of these lines increases with the scattering angle. To represent this relation an empirical formula was established. On the other hand, a theoretical formula was derived from the dispersion relation in Bohm-Pines' plasma oscillation theory. These two formulas are in good agreement for the lines of Be (19 ev), Mg (10.3 ev) and Al (14.8 ev). This agreement proves most decisively that the sharp lines are caused by the excitation of the collective plasma oscillation. For ...

Hiroshi Watanabe

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