Shoulder Arthroscopy Training System with Force Feedback

Arthroscopy decreases soft tissue disruption which leads to less pain and less chance for infection, but implies a high diflculty ofperj%omnce and requires the surgeon to acquire psychomtor skills which are essential to become proficient. In this paper, we present a shoulder arthroscopy training system with force feedback ThePrst problem faced by thefuture surgeon is triangulation '. Mastering this technique requires considerable practice and eye-hand coordination. The simulator allows the user to visualize with a high degree of fidelity the shoulder joint and to handle the instrumental as it would occur in the operating theatre. Additionally, it offers the possibility of having a panoramic view to orientate the apprentice in the first learning phases. Moreover, to increase realism, the system integrates a force feedback system which enables the user to feel the anatomy during the intervention.