Introducing Herbicide Resistant Crops to Sri Lanka: A Review

Over the last three decades substantial effort has been made to breed herbicide resistant crops (HRCs) and introduce them as a measure to relieve the constraints imposed by different combinations of chemicals, solving problems associated with herbicide residues, expansion of the range of compounds available, simplify crop management and extending the useful life of currently utilizing herbicides. A limited number of HRCs have been commercialized in the last three decades and a majority of these crops are cultivated in developed countries. Although evidences support that farmers can benefit from HRCs, there are many concerns about the health risks and environmental impacts related to HRCs. As an agriculturally based developing country, introduction of HRCs and their impacts could be an important issue to Sri Lanka. The farmer’s main concern is to produce as much crop as possible with a high yield to meet the consumer demand. Therefore, the national level institutional capacity, scientific infra-structure and financial support need to be expanded for the development of country’s own biotechnological programs to produce new crop cultivars. Further, focus is a need in comprehensive studies to fully assess the potential benefits and adverse consequences of introducing HRCs in Sri Lanka. Thus, the best alternatives would be to look for naturally accessible HRC germplasms, crop rotation, and sustainable farming practices including sustainable herbicide utilization to compete with weeds. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/ouslj.v7i0.7310 OUSL Journal Vol.7 2014: 95-122

[1]  Eric J. Wailes,et al.  Implications of Rice Biotechnology On Optimal Rice Crop Rotation In the Mississippi River Delta Region , 2001 .

[2]  C. R. Bastos,et al.  RAPD analysis of herbicide-resistant Brasilian rice lines produced via mutagenesis. , 2002, Genetics and molecular research : GMR.

[3]  R. Malik,et al.  Risks of herbicide-resistant rice in India: A review , 2008 .

[4]  Y. Tanaka,et al.  Resistance of a soybean cell line to oxyfluorfen by overproduction of mitochondrial protoporphyrinogen oxidase. , 2001, Pest management science.

[5]  Charles M. Benbrook,et al.  Troubled Times Amid Commercial Success for Roundup Ready Soybeans Glyphosate Efficacy is Slipping and Unstable Transgene Expression Erodes Plant Defenses and Yields , 2001 .

[6]  M. Devine,et al.  Advantages of genetically modified canola: a Canadian perspective. , 2001 .

[7]  T. D. Potter,et al.  Hybridisation between Brassica napus L. and Raphanus raphanistrum L. under agronomic field conditions , 2001, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[8]  K. H. Madsen,et al.  Risk Assessment of Herbicide-Resistant Crops: A Latin American Perspective Using Rice (Oryza sativa) as a Model1 , 2002, Weed Technology.

[9]  R. Bhatnagar,et al.  Isolation and biochemical diagnosis of cell lines of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) selected on glyphosate , 1999 .

[10]  S. Duke.  Herbicide-Resistant Crops: Agricultural, Economic, Environmental, Regulatory, and Technological Aspects , 1996 .

[11]  A method to study competitive ability of hybrids between seabeet (Beta vulgaris ssp. Maritima) and glyphosate tolerant sugarbeet (B. vulgaris ssp. Vulgaris) , 1998 .

[12]  Graham Brookes,et al.  Global Impact of Biotech Crops: Socio-Economic and Environmental Effects in the First Ten Years of Commercial Use , 2007 .

[13]  B. Buirchell,et al.  Improved metribuzin tolerance in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) by induced mutation and field selection , 2009 .

[14]  B. Marambe.  WEEDY RICE: EVOLUTION, THREATS, AND MANAGEMENT , 2009 .

[15]  A. Tsaftaris.  THE DEVELOPMENT OF HERBICIDE-TOLERANT TRANSGENIC CROPS , 1996 .

[16]  Dale L. Shaner,et al.  The impact of glyphosate‐tolerant crops on the use of other herbicides and on resistance management , 2000 .

[17]  P. Motavalli,et al.  Impact of genetically modified crops and their management on soil microbially mediated plant nutrient transformations. , 2004, Journal of environmental quality.

[18]  J. Pretty,et al.  The promising spread of sustainable agriculture in Asia. , 2000 .

[19]  Linda Hall,et al.  Pollen flow between herbicide-resistant Brassica napus is the cause of multiple-resistant B. napus volunteers1 , 2000, Weed Science.

[20]  J. Rutger,et al.  Gene Flow Between Red Rice (Oryza sativa) and Herbicide-Resistant Rice (O. sativa): Implications for Weed Management1 , 2003, Weed Technology.

[21]  Stephen O. Duke,et al.  Genetic Engineering Crops for Improved Weed Management Traits , 2002 .

[22]  J. Lydon,et al.  Herbicides, Biotechnology for Control of Weeds , 2003 .

[23]  D. Shaner,et al.  Imidazolinone-tolerant crops: history, current status and future. , 2005, Pest management science.

[24]  Terri Raney,et al.  Economic impact of transgenic crops in developing countries. , 2006, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[25]  S. Duke.  Taking stock of herbicide-resistant crops ten years after introduction. , 2005, Pest management science.

[26]  Zhoufei Wang,et al.  Potential gene flow from transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) to different weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) accessions based on reproductive compatibility. , 2009, Pest management science.

[27]  I. Senior,et al.  Comparison of genetically modified and conventionally derived herbicide tolerance in oilseed rape: A case study , 2003, Euphytica.

[28]  S. Duke.  Weeding with transgenes. , 2003, Trends in biotechnology.

[29]  W. Deen,et al.  An Economic Assessment of Weed Control Strategies in No-Till Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean (Glycine max)1 , 2000, Weed technology.

[30]  D. Pratt,et al.  Isolation of paraquat-tolerant mutants from tomato cell cultures , 1982, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[31]  I. Heap.  International survey of herbicide-resistant weeds , 1997 .

[32]  R. Mulwa,et al.  Biotechnology approaches to developing herbicide tolerance/selectivity in crops , 2006 .

[33]  S. Warwick,et al.  A decade of herbicide-resistant crops in Canada , 2006 .

[34]  M. Devine.  Why are there not more herbicide-tolerant crops? , 2005, Pest management science.

[35]  Peter Sandøe,et al.  Genetically Modified Crops: a US Farmer's Versus an EU Citizen's Point of View , 2003 .

[36]  Jerry M. Green,et al.  Herbicide-Resistant Crops: Utilities and Limitations for Herbicide-Resistant Weed Management , 2010, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[37]  Clive James,et al.  Global status of commercialized transgenic crops : 1999 , 1999 .

[38]  D. Ingram,et al.  Haploid Culture and UV Mutagenesis in Rapid-cycling Brassica napus for the Generation of Resistance to Chlorsulfuron and Alternaria brassicicola , 1991 .

[39]  S. Koutroubas,et al.  Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) Control in Water-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa) with Cyhalofop-butyl1 , 2000, Weed Technology.

[40]  Graham Brookes,et al.  GM crops: global socio-economic and environmental impacts 1996- 2007 , 2008 .

[41]  J. Widholm,et al.  Stability and culture medium limitations of gene amplification in glyphosate resistant carrot cell lines , 1998 .

[42]  B. Jenes,et al.  Production of phosphinothricin-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) through the application of phosphinothricin as growth regulator , 2000, Plant Cell Reports.

[43]  A. Sadanandam,et al.  Induction of atrazine resistance and somatic embryogenesis in Solanum melongena , 1997, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[44]  S. Bonny.  Issues, impacts, and prospects of the first transgenic crops tolerant to a herbicide. The case of glyphosate-tolerant soybean in the USA , 2009 .

[45]  K. N. Reddy,et al.  Aminomethylphosphonic acid, a metabolite of glyphosate, causes injury in glyphosate-treated, glyphosate-resistant soybean. , 2004, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[46]  S. Caretto,et al.  Chlorsulfuron resistance in Daucus carota cell lines and plants:Involvement of gene amplification , 1994, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[47]  P. Venkataiah,et al.  Selection of atrazine-resistant plants by in vitro mutagenesis in pepper (Capsicum annuum) , 2005, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.