In Canadian Provinces and in several states of the United States the minimal legal age to drive a motor vehicle is 16 years old and in some, it is 15. The excess mortality and morbidity registered by 15 to 24-year-old drivers is well known. Several studies have reported that accident rates decrease with experience, but the effect of the age of new drivers has not been well documented. The objective is to study injury accident rates in terms of the age and experience factors. The data sources are computer files of the Government Insurance Corporation (Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec), which covers all Quebec drivers. For each driver, the file contains birth date, sex, year and month of first license, involvement in accidents, and other parameters. The yearly rates (1970-1984) of new permits per age last birthday and sex show an increase over time, particularly for 16-year-old men. For the period 1979-1984, injury accident involvement rates were computed for all Quebec drivers by age, sex, and driving experience. An experienced driver has been defined as a person who has been licensed for at least one year. The results show, for experienced as well as inexperienced young men (16-18), a high injury accident rate that decreases with age. For women, the rates are much lower and decrease more gradually than for men. This study does not take into account the kilometers driven. Since young drivers (16-18) have the highest accident rates, the question of regulating access to first licensing for such drivers must be examined as a possible strategy for injury prevention.
[1]
Jean Shaoul,et al.
THE USE OF ACCIDENTS AND TRAFFIC OFFENCES AS CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COURSES IN DRIVER EDUCATION
,
1975
.
[2]
K B Deutsch,et al.
A COMPARISON OF ON-ROAD AND OFF-ROAD DRIVER TRAINING
,
1982
.
[3]
J E Shaoul,et al.
The Use of Intermediate Criteria for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Accident Countermeasures
,
1976,
Human factors.
[4]
L. Robertson.
Crash involvement of teenaged drivers when driver education is eliminated from high school.
,
1980,
American journal of public health.
[5]
U Tränkle,et al.
Risk perception and age-specific accidents of young drivers.
,
1990,
Accident; analysis and prevention.
[6]
Robert Bourbeau.
Les accidents de la route au Québec 1926-1978. Etude démographique et épidémiologique@@@Les accidents de la route au Quebec 1926-1978. Etude demographique et epidemiologique
,
1984
.
[7]
Mark H. Moore,et al.
Injury prevention: Meeting the challenge
,
1989
.
[8]
J. B. Toomath,et al.
NEW ZEALAND SURVEY OF DRIVER EXPOSURE TO RISK OF ACCIDENTS
,
1982
.
[9]
I D Brown,et al.
Assessing one's own and others' driving ability: influences of sex, age, and experience.
,
1989,
Accident; analysis and prevention.
[10]
David M. Harrington,et al.
The Young Driver Follow-Up Study: An Evaluation of the Role of Human Factors in the First Four Years of Driving. Final Highway Research Report.
,
1971
.