Horn nano-antenna at near-infrared frequencies: Design and potential applications

Antennas working at near-infrared and optical frequencies are an emerging and innovating concept. As in radiowave and microwave frequency range, their purpose is to convert localized electromagnetic energy to free-space propagating radiation, and viceversa. The aim of this work, is to present a new type of nano-antenna: a nano-horn able to radiate, guide, and harvest efficiently the electromagnetic energy at near-infrared frequencies. Possible applications of the proposed horn nano-antennas are also discussed like, for instance, light-and thermal-emitting sources or detectors, photovoltaics and energy harvesting, spectroscopy, wireless secure communications, etc.