Membrane Recognition and Targeting by Lipid-Binding Domains

Modular domains that recognize and target intracellular membranes play a critical role in the assembly, localization, and function of signaling and trafficking complexes in eukaryotic cells. Large domain families, including PH, FYVE, PX, PHD, and C2 domains, combine specific, nonspecific, and multivalent interactions to achieve selective membrane targeting. Despite structural and functional diversity, general features of lipid recognition are evident in the various membrane-targeting mechanisms. With eight figures, one table, and 155 references, this STKE Review describes the structural features that explain how modular domains interact with lipids. Various specific and nonspecific interactions contribute to the ability of proteins to recognize cellular membranes, allowing proteins with lipid-binding domains to play roles in cellular signaling and membrane trafficking.

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