Intracellular chloride concentration is higher in rod bipolar cells than in cone bipolar cells of the mouse retina

Bipolar cells (BCs) have antagonistic center-surround receptive field. Surround illumination evokes depolarization in the OFF-type cone BC, and hyperpolarization in the rod BC and the ON-type cone BC. Surround illumination reduces gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from horizontal cells. If GABA hyperpolarize BCs, the polarity of the GABA-induced effect agrees with the light-evoked surround response in the OFF-type BC, but contradicts in the rod BC and the ON-type cone BC. Immunohistochemical study of the Cl(-) transporter of BCs has suggested that the intracellular Cl(-) concentration is different among BC subtypes. We examined the reversal potential of GABA-induced current of BCs using gramicidin-perforated patch clamp technique in the mouse retina, and found that GABA depolarizes rod BC and hyperpolarizes cone BCs. Our results are consistent with the GABAergic input to rod BC dendrite.

[1]  P. Sterling,et al.  Evidence That Different Cation Chloride Cotransporters in Retinal Neurons Allow Opposite Responses to GABA , 2000, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[2]  E. A. Schwartz,et al.  Depolarization without calcium can release gamma-aminobutyric acid from a retinal neuron. , 1987, Science.

[3]  D. Baylor,et al.  Receptive fields of cones in the retina of the turtle , 1971, The Journal of physiology.

[4]  R. Wong,et al.  Age-Dependent and Cell Class-Specific Modulation of Retinal Ganglion Cell Bursting Activity by GABA , 1998, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[5]  A Kaneko,et al.  Effects of gamma‐aminobutyric acid on isolated cone photoreceptors of the turtle retina. , 1986, The Journal of physiology.

[6]  D. Redburn,et al.  GABA-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in retinal neurons of postnatal rabbits , 1996, Visual Neuroscience.

[7]  A Kaneko,et al.  L‐type calcium channels in the axon terminal of mouse bipolar cells , 1998, Neuroreport.

[8]  A. Kaneko.  Physiological and morphological identification of horizontal, bipolar and amacrine cells in goldfish retina , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[9]  H. Wässle,et al.  Immunocytochemical identification of cone bipolar cells in the rat retina , 1995, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[10]  E. Delpire,et al.  Expression of the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter is developmentally regulated in postnatal rat brains: a possible mechanism underlying GABA's excitatory role in immature brain. , 1997, Journal of neurobiology.

[11]  G. Fain,et al.  Calcium spikes in toad rods. , 1980, The Journal of physiology.

[12]  D. Reichling,et al.  Perforated-patch recording with gramicidin avoids artifactual changes in intracellular chloride concentration , 1995, Journal of Neuroscience Methods.

[13]  Y. Ben-Ari,et al.  Giant synaptic potentials in immature rat CA3 hippocampal neurones. , 1989, The Journal of physiology.

[14]  A. Kaneko,et al.  Effects of glycine and GABA on isolated bipolar cells of the mouse retina. , 1990, The Journal of physiology.

[15]  A Kaneko,et al.  gamma-Aminobutyric acid acts at axon terminals of turtle photoreceptors: difference in sensitivity among cell types. , 1984, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[16]  M. Piccolino,et al.  Characteristics and ionic processes involved in feedback spikes of turtle cones , 1980, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[17]  J. A. Payne,et al.  The K+/Cl− co-transporter KCC2 renders GABA hyperpolarizing during neuronal maturation , 1999, Nature.

[18]  A Lasansky,et al.  Synaptic action mediating cone responses to annular illumination in the retina of the larval tiger salamander. , 1981, The Journal of physiology.

[19]  E. Delpire,et al.  Developmental regulation of the neuronal-specific isoform of K-Cl cotransporter KCC2 in postnatal rat brains. , 1999, Journal of neurobiology.

[20]  豊田 順一.  The retinal basis of vision , 1999 .