Blindly Combined Energy Detection for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio

In this letter, a method is proposed to optimally combine the received signal samples in space and time based on the principle of maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). After the combining, energy detection (ED) is used. However, optimal combining needs information of the source signal and channel, which is usually unknown. To overcome this difficulty, a method is proposed to blindly combine the signal samples. Similar to energy detection, blindly combined energy detection (BCED) does not need any information of the source signal and the channel a priori. BCED can be much better than ED for highly correlated signals, and most importantly, it does not need noise power estimation and overcomes ED's susceptibility to noise uncertainty. Also, perfect synchronization is not required. Simulations based on wireless microphone signals and randomly generated signals are presented to verify the methods.

[1]  J. Lasserre.  A trace inequality for matrix product , 1995, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..

[2]  W. Gardner.  Exploitation of spectral redundancy in cyclostationary signals , 1991, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[3]  J. I. Mararm,et al.  Energy Detection of Unknown Deterministic Signals , 2022 .

[4]  David G. Daut,et al.  Signature Based Spectrum Sensing Algorithms for IEEE 802.22 WRAN , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[5]  A. Sonnenschein,et al.  Radiometric detection of spreadspectrum signals in noise of uncertain power , 1992 .

[6]  Jean-Paul M. G. Linnartz,et al.  Performance Analysis of Primary User Detection in a Multiple Antenna Cognitive Radio , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[7]  Yanwu Zhang,et al.  The total variance of a periodogram-based spectral estimate of a stochastic process with spectral uncertainty and its application to classifier design , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[8]  Ning Han,et al.  Spectral correlation based signal detection method for spectrum sensing in IEEE 802.22 WRAN systems , 2006, 2006 8th International Conference Advanced Communication Technology.

[9]  Joseph Mitola,et al.  Cognitive radio: making software radios more personal , 1999, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[10]  S. Kay.  Fundamentals of statistical signal processing: estimation theory , 1993 .

[11]  R. Tandra,et al.  Fundamental limits on detection in low SNR under noise uncertainty , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Wireless Networks, Communications and Mobile Computing.

[12]  R.W. Brodersen,et al.  Spectrum Sensing Measurements of Pilot, Energy, and Collaborative Detection , 2006, MILCOM 2006 - 2006 IEEE Military Communications conference.