B0-adjusted and sensitivity-encoded spectral localization by imaging (BASE-SLIM) in the human brain in vivo

Spectral localization by imaging (SLIM) based magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a framework that overcomes major limitations of current MRS techniques, which allow only rectangular voxel shapes that do not conform to the shapes of brain structures or lesions. However, the restrictive assumption of compartmental homogeneity in SLIM can lead to localization errors, thus its applications have been very limited to date. SLIM-based localization is subject to errors due to inhomogeneous B0 and B1 fields, particularly in organs with complex compartmental geometry including the human brain. The limitations of SLIM were overcome through the development and implementation of B0-adjusted and sensitivity-encoded SLIM (BASE-SLIM) that includes corrections for inhomogeneities of both B0 and B1 fields throughout the volume of interest. In this study, we demonstrate significantly improved localization accuracy in compartments with arbitrary shapes and reliable quantification of metabolite concentrations in gray and white matter of the human brain using the BASE-SLIM technique.

[1]  Z P Liang,et al.  A generalized series approach to MR spectroscopic imaging. , 1991, IEEE transactions on medical imaging.

[2]  R. Gruetter,et al.  In vivo 1H NMR spectroscopy of rat brain at 1 ms echo time , 1999, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[3]  Dmitriy A Yablonskiy,et al.  Natural linewidth chemical shift imaging (NL‐CSI) , 2006, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[4]  B. Peterson,et al.  Spectral resolution amelioration by deconvolution (SPREAD) in MR spectroscopic imaging , 2009, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[5]  K. Harre,et al.  Advances in human cardiac 31P‐MR spectroscopy: SLOOP and clinical applications , 2001, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[6]  Xiaoping Hu,et al.  SLIM revisited , 1993, IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging.

[7]  Dimitri Van De Ville,et al.  BSLIM: Spectral Localization by Imaging With Explicit $B_{0}$ Field Inhomogeneity Compensation , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[8]  Alan C. Evans,et al.  A nonparametric method for automatic correction of intensity nonuniformity in MRI data , 1998, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[9]  D. Louis Collins,et al.  Symmetric Atlasing and Model Based Segmentation: An Application to the Hippocampus in Older Adults , 2006, MICCAI.

[10]  Zhengchao Dong,et al.  Proton MRS and MRSI of the brain without water suppression. , 2015, Progress in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

[11]  G J Barker,et al.  Quantitative analysis of short echo time 1H‐MRSI of cerebral gray and white matter , 2000, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[12]  Jun Shen,et al.  In vivo detection of gray and white matter differences in GABA concentration in the human brain , 2006, NeuroImage.

[13]  Peter Bachert,et al.  A Fully Automated Method for Tissue Segmentation and CSF-Correction of Proton MRSI Metabolites Corroborates Abnormal Hippocampal NAA in Schizophrenia , 2002, NeuroImage.

[14]  Markus von Kienlin,et al.  Spectral localization with optimal pointspread function , 1991 .

[15]  P C Lauterbur,et al.  SLIM: Spectral localization by imaging , 1988, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[16]  Zhi-Pei Liang,et al.  A theoretical analysis of the SLIM technique , 1993 .

[17]  Steven Warach,et al.  Spectral localization by imaging using multielement receiver coils , 2011, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[18]  C. Studholme,et al.  Mapping of brain metabolite distributions by volumetric proton MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) , 2009, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[19]  Dennis W J Klomp,et al.  Short echo time 1H‐MRSI of the human brain at 3T with minimal chemical shift displacement errors using adiabatic refocusing pulses , 2008, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[20]  L. Wald,et al.  Theory and application of array coils in MR spectroscopy , 1997, NMR in biomedicine.

[21]  P. Boesiger,et al.  SENSE: Sensitivity encoding for fast MRI , 1999, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[22]  S. Provencher.  Automatic quantitation of localized in vivo 1H spectra with LCModel , 2001, NMR in biomedicine.

[23]  Mohammad Sabati,et al.  Reproducibility and reliability of short‐TE whole‐brain MR spectroscopic imaging of human brain at 3T , 2015, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[24]  M W Weiner,et al.  Region and tissue differences of metabolites in normally aged brain using multislice 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging , 2001, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[25]  Theodoros N. Arvanitis,et al.  Sensitivity encoding for fast 1H MR spectroscopic imaging water reference acquisition , 2015, Magnetic resonance in medicine.