Interaction Between Wheat Cultivars and Stripe Rust Strain on the Screening of Different Defense Strategies

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat worldwide. In this study in case of plant material four cultivars such as Bolani (susceptible), Moghan and Roshan (moderate resistance) and at the end Arta (resistant) with different level of tolerance against stripe rust were used. The aim of this study was considering defense strategies in wheat seedling against yellow rust. These strategies include HSR or programmed cell death that represent Yr18, Pr-proteins that represent Yr36 and fungi inhibitor by producing chitinase that represent Yr29. These genes were selected and two level of transcript was studied. The cultivars were inoculated with stripe rust spores named LRC484 strain at four day leave stage. After fifteen days, the samples were harvested from infected wheat leaves, RNA was extracted and cDNA synthesized in NIGEB central laboratory, Karaj, Iran. Amount of relative expression of genes with specific primers was carried out with Real-Time PCR. The result of this experiment showed that relative expression of Yr36 in Arta cultivar (with 15.2 standard relative expressions) had highest expression among other cultivars and also in Roshan cultivar the expression of this gene was high. Yr18 is producer of Prproteins and in case of fungal disease about sixteen kinds of Pr-proteins was reported that produced against pathogens and fungus by plants. Although in controlling fungi disease plants never use just one mechanism, because the other mechanisms of two resistant genotypes was increased in level of Yr18 relative expression so that increased the level of HSR and then limiting spread of disease was effective in its control.

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