'Die-back' of reeds in Europe-A critical review of literature

Abstract Reed decline phenomena have been detected in more than 35 lakes in Europe. About 110 publications and reports, which have dealt with this subject, are evaluated in this paper. The localities and the circumstances that go with the reed ‘die-back’ are listed. The methods of investigation are discussed. Probable causal factors are grouped into five categories: direct destruction, mechanical damage, grazing, water and sediment quality, lake regulation and related effects. Deficiencies of the present state of research are pointed out.

[1]  Shiori Yamasaki,et al.  Role of plant aeration in zonation of Zizania latifolia and Phragmites australis , 1984 .

[2]  B. Moss.  THE NORFOLK BROADLAND: EXPERIMENTS IN THE RESTORATION OF A COMPLEX WETLAND , 1983 .

[3]  R. P. Bell.  A Review of the Present Position , 1920, The Hospital.

[4]  J. Květ,et al.  Pond Littoral Ecosystems , 1978, Ecological Studies.

[5]  M. Rösch.  Der Mensch als landschaftsprägender Faktor des westlichen Bodenseegebietes seit dem späten Atlantikum , 1987 .

[6]  R. Fuller,et al.  The Changing Status of Reedswamp in the Norfolk Broads , 1981 .

[7]  J. Królikowska.  Reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) growth under conditions of increasing eutrophication of Lake Mikolajskie , 1987 .

[8]  R. Schröder,et al.  Das Schilfsterben am Bodensee ― Untersee. Beobachtungen, Untersuchungen und Gegenmassnahmen , 1987 .

[9]  J. H. Mook,et al.  The influence of environmental factors and management on stands of Phragmites australis. I. Effects of burning, frost and insect damage on shoot density and shoot size. , 1982 .

[10]  H. Stark,et al.  Dynamics of lakeside reed belts at Lake Constance (Untersee) from 1984 to 1987 , 1989 .

[11]  A. J. Bonham,et al.  The management of wave-spending vegetation as bank protection against boat wash. , 1983 .

[12]  R. Boar,et al.  Investigations into the causes of reedswamp regression in the Norfolk Broads: With 3 figures and 1 table in the text , 1985 .

[13]  K. Dusoge.  Biotic structure and processes in the lake system of R Jorka watershed Masurian Lakeland, Poland 8 Biomass and distribution of benthos in profundal and littoral zones , 1984 .