Producción y calidad de forraje de variedades de avena en condiciones de temporal en Zacatecas, México

Yield, quality and  yield  components  of six  varieties  of  oat  for forage  were evaluated  in  Zacatecas.  Experiments were established  on July  2011 and  2012  at Monte  Escobedo. A  complete  randomized  block  experimental  design replicated three  times  was  used.  Oat  seeding  density  was  120  kg  ha-1  and  NPK  fertilizer  application  rate  of  60-40-00.  Harvest was  at  milky-dough  stage  of  maturity.  In  both  years,  2011  and  2012,  Saia  stood  out  among  cultivars  ( P 0.05)  among varieties  with a range of 10.6 to 13.8 %. On two years of study Karma showed the best nutritional characteristics:  low accumulation of neutral  detergent fiber (51 %) and acid detergent fiber (33.4 and  35.3 %),  high values of digestible nutrients (54 and 58 %),  dry matter digestibility (60 and 62 %), forage relative value (110 and 113) and lactation net  energy (1.4 y  1.34  Mcal/kg; P<0.05).  Dry  forage  yield  was  positively  correlated  to  plant  height  (r=0.701),  days  from  sowing  to harvest  (r=0.685)  and  stem  proportion  (r=0.629),  and  negatively  correlated  to  spike  proportion  (r=-0.629).  In relation to the nutritiona l quality, Karma had the best forage value. Saia is a good alternative to increase forage yield per  hectare.

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