Gender and clinical pharmacy : The career of an occupational ideology

Cet article etudie le concept selon lequel, dans une profession en mutation, la pharmacie en l'occurrence, les femmes sont les principales personnes a transmettre les valeurs liees a la pharmacie clinique - une ideologic professionnelle pretendument instauree afin de redonner sa place a la pharmacie dans la hierarchie des professions. Si on constate la force des convictions des membres de la profession a l'endroit de la pharmacie clinique, on observe egalement que les femmes ne sont pas les premieres a les defendre. Ni la socialisation des rapports entre les sexes ni une formation particuliere en pharmacie n'ont rendu les femmes mieux disposees que les hommes a l'egard de la pharmacie clinique. Les divergences - et elles sont tres importantes - au sein de la profession au sujet de la pharmacie clinique se font sentir selon les differents cadres de travail des pharmaciens et selon l'annee d'obtention de leur permis d'exercice. Ce sont plus les lieux de travail que les rapports entre les sexes qui permettent de prevoir les attitudes a l'egard de la pharmacie clinique. Il semble done peu probable que le fait d'equilibrer le nombre d'hommes et de femmes dans un milieu de travail soit de nature a le faire evoluer. Quelle que soit, au depart, la conception des pharmaciennes a l'egard de leur profession, elle influe peu sur leur rapport a la pharmacie clinique. This paper explores the idea that in a changing profession, women are the principal value carriers of clinical pharmacy—an occupational ideology professedly developed to restore pharmacy's precarious standing in the occupational hierarchy. While the investigation uncovers considerable evidence for the vitality of clinical pharmacy beliefs among practitioners, women were not at the forefront of this trend. Neither general gender socialization nor specific pharmacy training has rendered females more sympathetic to clinical pharmacy than males. Differences within the pharmacy community regarding clinical pharmacy—and they are quite considerable— emanate from the varied work settings that practitioners occupy and their year of licensure. Attitudes to clinical pharmacy are better predicted by workplace than by gender. On the basis of our findings, it seems unlikely that balancing the number of men and women in an occupation or work organization will, in and of itself, change it. Whatever distinctive prior orientations to work that female pharmacists may hold, they have little impact upon how they think about clinical pharmacy.

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