Horizontal gasliquid flow at close to atmospheric conditions

Abstract Air—liquid co-current flow was investigated using a 0.0935 m i.d. horizontal pipe under atmospheric conditions. The effect of liquid viscosity on flow pattern, holdup and pressure loss was investigated using water and glycerine solutions with dynamic viscosities up to 0.1 N s m −2 . A dual technique combining visual observation allied to pressure loss fluctuation analysis was found to distinguish between flow patterns objectively. Theoretical and empirical flow pattern maps are compared against the data. The empirical maps of Lin and Hanratty, and Andritos are shown to give the best flow pattern predictions for air—water and air—glycerine solution data, respectively. Most theoretical transition criteria were unable to handle changes in either pipe diameter or liquid viscosity.

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