A novel method for extracting respiration rate and relative tidal volume from infrared thermography.

In psychophysiological research, measurement of respiration has been dependent on transducers having direct contact with the participant. The current study provides empirical data demonstrating that a noncontact technology, infrared video thermography, can accurately estimate breathing rate and relative tidal volume across a range of breathing patterns. Video tracking algorithms were applied to frame-by-frame thermal images of the face to extract time series of nostril temperature and to generate breath-by-breath measures of respiration rate and relative tidal volume. The thermal indices of respiration were contrasted with criterion measures collected with inductance plethysmography. The strong correlations observed between the technologies demonstrate the potential use of facial video thermography as a noncontact technology to monitor respiration.

[1]  Jin Fei,et al.  Imaging Breathing Rate in the CO2Absorption Band , 2005, 2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference.

[2]  Keri J. Heilman,et al.  Accuracy of the LifeShirt® (Vivometrics) in the detection of cardiac rhythms , 2007, Biological Psychology.

[3]  I. Pavlidis,et al.  Thermal image analysis for polygraph testing. , 2002, IEEE engineering in medicine and biology magazine : the quarterly magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society.

[4]  Jin Fei,et al.  Virtual Thermistor , 2007, 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[5]  P. Perruchet,et al.  Ventilatory responses to imagined exercise. , 1996, Psychophysiology.

[6]  Thomas S. Huang,et al.  Explanation-based facial motion tracking using a piecewise Bezier volume deformation model , 1999, Proceedings. 1999 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Cat. No PR00149).

[7]  P. Grossman.  Respiration, stress, and cardiovascular function. , 1983, Psychophysiology.

[8]  E. Jovanov,et al.  A New Method for the Quantification of Breathing , 2007, 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[9]  J. Gorman,et al.  Respiratory psychophysiology of panic disorder: three respiratory challenges in 98 subjects. , 1997, The American journal of psychiatry.

[10]  Karl Crailsheim,et al.  Respiration of resting honeybees. , 2007, Journal of insect physiology.

[11]  R I Thackray,et al.  A comparison of physiological indices in detection of deception. , 1968, Psychophysiology.

[12]  A. Beckett,et al.  AKUFO AND IBARAPA. , 1965, Lancet.

[13]  J. Houtveen,et al.  Contribution of tonic vagal modulation of heart rate, central respiratory drive, respiratory depth, and respiratory frequency to respiratory sinus arrhythmia during mental stress and physical exercise. , 2002, Psychophysiology.

[14]  Marc Garbey,et al.  Interacting with human physiology , 2007, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[15]  J. Duffin,et al.  Respiratory response to passive limb movement is suppressed by a cognitive task. , 2004, Journal of applied physiology.

[16]  J Clément,et al.  Unsteadiness of breathing in patients with hyperventilation syndrome and anxiety disorders. , 1997, The European respiratory journal.

[17]  G. Rettinger,et al.  Nasal mucosal temperature during respiration. , 2002, Clinical otolaryngology and allied sciences.

[18]  Frank H Wilhelm,et al.  The LifeShirt , 2003, Behavior modification.

[19]  W. Roth,et al.  Respiratory Biofeedback-Assisted Therapy in Panic Disorder , 2001, Behavior modification.

[20]  Robert Dudley,et al.  Respiratory cooling in rattlesnakes. , 2005, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.

[21]  I. Pavlidis,et al.  Noncontact measurement of breathing function , 2006, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine.

[22]  H. Javitz,et al.  Direct medical cost of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the U.S.A. , 2000, Respiratory medicine.

[23]  Ioannis T. Pavlidis,et al.  Thermistor at a Distance: Unobtrusive Measurement of Breathing , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[24]  Thomas S. Huang,et al.  Visual Estimation and Compression of Facial Motion Parameters—Elements of a 3D Model-Based Video Coding System , 2004, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[25]  Ioannis T. Pavlidis,et al.  Analysis of Breathing Air Flow Patterns in Thermal Imaging , 2006, 2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[26]  Thomas S. Huang,et al.  Capturing subtle facial motions in 3D face tracking , 2003, Proceedings Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[27]  Thomas S. Huang,et al.  Face as mouse through visual face tracking , 2007, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[28]  A comparison of field and laboratory polygraphs in the detection of deception. , 1991, Psychophysiology.

[29]  R. Edelberg,et al.  Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Versus Neck/Trapezius EMG and Incentive Inspirometry Biofeedback for Asthma: A Pilot Study , 1997, Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback.

[30]  Ioannis Pavlidis,et al.  Thermal infrared imaging: a novel method to monitor airflow during polysomnography. , 2009, Sleep.

[31]  Pierre Philippot,et al.  Respiratory feedback in the generation of emotion , 2002 .

[32]  M. Myrtek,et al.  Psychophysiological response patterns to single, double, and triple stressors. , 1986, Psychophysiology.

[33]  P. Ekman,et al.  Emotion and autonomic nervous system activity in the Minangkabau of west Sumatra. , 1992, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[34]  J M Bland,et al.  Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement , 1986 .

[35]  G. Lavigne,et al.  A significant increase in breathing amplitude precedes sleep bruxism. , 2008, Chest.

[36]  J Juchmès,et al.  [Stress and cardiovascular function]. , 1982, Revue medicale de Liege.

[37]  Gordon H. Barland,et al.  An evaluation of field techniques in detection of deception. , 1975, Psychophysiology.

[38]  B. Polat,et al.  Short communication: early detection of mastitis using infrared thermography in dairy cows. , 2008, Journal of dairy science.

[39]  O. Airaksinen,et al.  Reproducibility of infrared thermography measurements in healthy individuals , 2008, Physiological measurement.