Chloromethane production by wood-rotting fungi and an estimate of the global flux to the atmosphere

The production of chloromethane (CH 3 Cl) by wood rotting fungi of the Hymenochaetaceae is discussed with particular emphasis on emissions by species of Phellinus and Inonotus . Recent work on the metabolic role of CH 3 Cl as a methyl donor in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites both in the Hymenochaetaceae and other families of white-rot fungi is reviewed. The parameters affecting the fungal emissions of CH 3 Cl in forest ecosystems are considered and where possible quantified. The annual global input to the atmosphere from this source is provisionally estimated at 160 000 t of which 75% is released from tropical and subtropical forests and 86% is attributable to Phellinus . The possible impact of the contribution from fungi and other biological sources on the atmospheric CH 3 Cl burden and stratospheric ozone depletion is assessed.

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