Highly sensitive copper nanowire conductive electrode for nonenzymatic glucose detection

Abstract Commercial diabetes test strips, patterned with a carbon paste, has poor durability and preservability because of using enzyme. Furthermore, carbon paste needs sintering process to get proper conductivity. Therefore, alternative conductive ink and sensing materials are the research theme under consideration lately. Therefore, we demonstrated constructing copper nanowire paste glucose sensor strip (CuNW_GSS) platform to diagnose diabetes nonenzymatically. Copper nanowires (CuNWs) were fabricated by a simple hydrothermal method with a capping agent to preserve the CuNWs from oxidation. Moreover, the CuNW paste could be easily utilized without sintering, and this fabricated paste successfully substituted for the commercial carbon paste pattern due to its high conductivity. CuNWs were used as not only the composition of conductive copper paste but also the sensing material for detecting glucose, which grants high charge transport ability to the glucose sensor, leading to high sensing ability. The limit of detection (LOD) of the CuNW_GSS was 1 nM, which is 40 times higher sensitivity than those of other glucose sensors and the CuNW_GSS also exhibited excellent selectivity. The excellent sensitivity and selectivity clearly indicate the great potential of the CuNW_GSS in diagnosing diabetes easily.

[1]  Yu Lei,et al.  Ultrasensitive and selective non-enzymatic glucose detection using copper nanowires. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[2]  Yi Cui,et al.  Electrospun metal nanofiber webs as high-performance transparent electrode. , 2010, Nano letters.

[3]  Jing Sun,et al.  Synthesis of ultralong copper nanowires for high-performance transparent electrodes. , 2012, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[4]  Xiaoyun Li,et al.  Non‐enzymatic Amperometric Glucose Sensor Based on Copper Nanowires Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide , 2016 .

[5]  Paolo Bollella,et al.  A Third Generation Glucose Biosensor Based on Cellobiose Dehydrogenase Immobilized on a Glassy Carbon Electrode Decorated with Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles: Characterization and Application in Human Saliva , 2017, Sensors.

[6]  Y. Liu,et al.  A noninvasive diagnostic model to assess nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B , 2016, Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology.

[7]  Sunho Jeong,et al.  Reducible‐Shell‐Derived Pure‐Copper‐Nanowire Network and Its Application to Transparent Conducting Electrodes , 2016 .

[8]  N. Elbarbary,et al.  Transient elastography as a noninvasive assessment tool for hepatopathies of different etiology in pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus. , 2017, Journal of diabetes and its complications.

[9]  Ji Hyun An,et al.  Size-controllable ultrathin carboxylated polypyrrole nanotube transducer for extremely sensitive 17β-estradiol FET-type biosensors. , 2016, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[10]  Jin Wook Park,et al.  Highly porous carbon nanofibers co-doped with fluorine and nitrogen for outstanding supercapacitor performance , 2017 .

[11]  Zhi-Gang Zhu,et al.  A Gelated Colloidal Crystal Attached Lens for Noninvasive Continuous Monitoring of Tear Glucose , 2017, Polymers.

[12]  Ming Ma,et al.  Controllable Hydrocarbon Formation from the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 over Cu Nanowire Arrays. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[13]  Jiaqiang Xu,et al.  Direct electrodeposition of cable-like CuO@Cu nanowires array for non-enzymatic sensing. , 2015, Talanta.

[14]  Benjamin J Wiley,et al.  The Growth Mechanism of Copper Nanowires and Their Properties in Flexible, Transparent Conducting Films , 2010, Advanced materials.

[15]  Zhen Gu,et al.  Ultrasound-triggered noninvasive regulation of blood glucose levels using microgels integrated with insulin nanocapsules , 2017, Nano Research.

[16]  A. Eychmüller,et al.  ITO‐Free, Small‐Molecule Organic Solar Cells on Spray‐Coated Copper‐Nanowire‐Based Transparent Electrodes , 2014 .

[17]  Joseph Wang.  Electrochemical glucose biosensors. , 2008, Chemical reviews.

[18]  Peng Gao,et al.  Facile synthesis of copper oxide nanostructures and their application in non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensing , 2015 .

[19]  Mu Wang,et al.  Nanoscale twinned copper nanowire formation by direct electrodeposition. , 2009, Small.

[20]  Ni Hui,et al.  Graphene oxide doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) modified with copper nanoparticles for high performance nonenzymatic sensing of glucose. , 2015, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[21]  Jian Liu,et al.  Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Bienzyme and Carbon Nanotubes Incorporated into an Os‐complex Thin Film for Continuous Glucose Detection in Human Saliva , 2016 .

[22]  Rishikesh Pandey,et al.  Noninvasive Monitoring of Blood Glucose with Raman Spectroscopy. , 2017, Accounts of chemical research.

[23]  N. Raouafi,et al.  Enzymatic sensing of glucose in artificial saliva using a flat electrode consisting of a nanocomposite prepared from reduced graphene oxide, chitosan, nafion and glucose oxidase , 2016, Microchimica Acta.

[24]  Zifeng Yan,et al.  Copper@carbon coaxial nanowires synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization process from electroplating wastewater and their use as an enzyme-free glucose sensor. , 2013, The Analyst.

[25]  Wenlong Cheng,et al.  1D copper nanostructures: progress, challenges and opportunities. , 2015, Small.

[26]  Yusuke Kuroki,et al.  Mouthguard biosensor with telemetry system for monitoring of saliva glucose: A novel cavitas sensor. , 2016, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[27]  Yunxia Jin,et al.  Copper nanoparticles: aqueous phase synthesis and conductive films fabrication at low sintering temperature. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[28]  Adam Heller,et al.  Electrochemical glucose sensors and their applications in diabetes management. , 2008, Chemical reviews.

[29]  Hongli Zhao,et al.  Electrochemical sensing interfaces with tunable porosity for nonenzymatic glucose detection: a Cu foam case. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[30]  Kun Wang,et al.  Enhanced non-enzymatic glucose sensing based on copper nanoparticles decorated nitrogen-doped graphene. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[31]  Yoshio Bando,et al.  A Novel Method for Preparing Copper Nanorods and Nanowires , 2003 .

[32]  R. Boukherroub,et al.  Preparation of reduced graphene oxide/Cu nanoparticle composites through electrophoretic deposition: application for nonenzymatic glucose sensing , 2015 .

[33]  Jing Li,et al.  High performance non-enzymatic glucose biosensor based on copper nanowires–carbon nanotubes hybrid for intracellular glucose study , 2013 .

[34]  Jing Kong,et al.  Porous Cu Nanowire Aerosponges from One‐Step Assembly and their Applications in Heat Dissipation , 2016, Advanced materials.

[35]  Yafei Zhang,et al.  A non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on the composite of cubic Cu nanoparticles and arc-synthesized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[36]  Seung Hwan Ko,et al.  Fast Plasmonic Laser Nanowelding for a Cu‐Nanowire Percolation Network for Flexible Transparent Conductors and Stretchable Electronics , 2014, Advanced materials.

[37]  F. Shimizu,et al.  A Nanostructured Bifunctional platform for Sensing of Glucose Biomarker in Artificial Saliva: Synergy in hybrid Pt/Au surfaces. , 2016, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[38]  S. Luo,et al.  Controllable growth of graphene/Cu composite and its nanoarchitecture-dependent electrocatalytic activity to hydrazine oxidation , 2014 .

[39]  Xiao-fei Zhu,et al.  Copper nanoparticle/graphene oxide/single wall carbon nanotube hybrid materials as electrochemical sensing platform for nonenzymatic glucose detection , 2016 .