Use and analysis of student response systems in two summer courses

The clickers are used in the courses in order to increase the interaction between the teacher and the students with the aim to better adapt the teaching to the level of the students in alignment with e.g. the Zone of Proximal Development (Vygotsky, 1978) and learning theories building on conceptual change (Entwistle, 2007; Posner, Strike, Hewson, & Gertzog, 1982) and threshold concepts (Meyer & Land, 2006; Zander et al., 2008). The idea is also to enhance the communication between the students as a way to increase their activation level, something that is seen as promoting learning.