A Distributed Mobility Tracking Scheme for Ad Hoc Networks Based on an Autoregressive Model

In an ad hoc wireless network, node mobility causes the network topology to change dynamically over time, which complicates important tasks such as routing, flow control, and location management. We propose a distributed scheme for accurately and efficiently tracking the mobility of nodes in an ad hoc network. A first-order autoregressive (AR-1) model is used to represent the evolution of mobility state of each node which consists of position, velocity, and acceleration. Each node uses an extended Kalman filter to estimate its own mobility state by incorporating network-based signal measurements, such as received signal strength indicators (RSSI) and time-of-arrival (TOA), and the position estimates of the neighbor nodes. Neighbor nodes exchange their position estimates periodically by means of HELLO packets. Using the mobility state estimates, each node re-estimates the mobility model parameters. Simulation results validate the performance of the proposed tracking scheme. The proposed distributed tracking scheme can adapt to changing mobility characteristics and incurs relatively low communication overhead.

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