Caractérisation d'un sol nu à partir de données SAR polarimétriques. Etude multi-fréquentielle et multi-résolutions

Ce travail est consacre a la caracterisation des parametres bio- et geo-physiques d'un sol nu a partir de donnees SAR polarimetriques, multi-frequentielles et multi-resolutions. Des relations quantitatives entre la rugosite et l'humidite du sol et des descripteurs polarimetriques sont determinees au moyen d'un modele de diffusion utilisant la methode de l'equation integrale. Deux algorithmes d'inversion multi-frequentiels sont developpes pour l'extraction des parametres physiques d'une surface et sont appliques sur des mesures SAR polarimetriques acquises au laboratoire europeen JRC. La reponse electromagnetique d'une surface rugueuse depend aussi de la taille de la cellule de resolution radar. La relation entre la resolution SAR et les caracteristiques polarimetriques d'une surface est etablie en partageant son spectre en deux composantes. Un nouveau modele de diffusion prenant en compte la resolution est ainsi presente et valide sur des donnees multi-resolutions polarimetriques.

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