Detecting transformer winding faults using non-linear models of transformers

The authors describe an algorithm that can detect winding faults in single and three phase transformers. The algorithm is suitable whether or not it is possible to measure the winding currents. The nonlinearity and hysteresis of the transformer core are considered but do not explicitly become a part of the algorithm. Therefore, B-H curve data of the transformer core are not required. A number of different operating conditions simulated on a computer were used to test the algorithm. Sample test results are reported.