Prospective, observational study of carbon dioxide gaps and free energy change and their association with fluid therapy following cardiac surgery

Venoarterial carbon dioxide pressure (pv‐aCO2) and content (Cv‐aCO2) differences, including the ratio to arteriovenous oxygen content difference (Ca‐vO2), and free energy changes (−∆∆Ga‐v) may reflect tissue hypoperfusion. The associations with changes in cardiac output (CO) or oxygen consumption (VO2) following fluid bolus administration were investigated.

[1]  J. Payen,et al.  An elevated respiratory quotient predicts complications after cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation: an observational pilot study , 2019, Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing.

[2]  T. Scheeren,et al.  Understanding the carbon dioxide gaps , 2018, Current opinion in critical care.

[3]  H. Dupont,et al.  Central Venous-to-Arterial Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure Difference in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery is Not Related to Postoperative Outcomes. , 2017, Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia.

[4]  A. Dubin,et al.  Venoarterial PCO2-to-arteriovenous oxygen content difference ratio is a poor surrogate for anaerobic metabolism in hemodilution: an experimental study , 2017, Annals of Intensive Care.

[5]  J. Morel,et al.  High veno-arterial carbon dioxide gradient is not predictive of worst outcome after an elective cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study , 2016, Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing.

[6]  M. Cecconi,et al.  Understanding the venous–arterial CO2 to arterial–venous O2 content difference ratio , 2016, Intensive Care Medicine.

[7]  A. Rhodes,et al.  Effect of Perioperative Goal-Directed Hemodynamic Resuscitation Therapy on Outcomes Following Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial and Systematic Review , 2015, Critical care medicine.

[8]  Can Ince,et al.  Hemodynamic coherence and the rationale for monitoring the microcirculation , 2015, Critical Care.

[9]  K. Ho,et al.  Central Venous-to-Arterial Carbon Dioxide Gradient as a Marker of Occult Tissue Hypoperfusion after Major Surgery , 2015, Anaesthesia and intensive care.

[10]  M. Cecconi,et al.  Fluid challenges in intensive care: the FENICE study , 2015, Intensive Care Medicine.

[11]  K. Wernecke,et al.  Central Venous-Arterial pCO2 Difference Identifies Microcirculatory Hypoperfusion in Cardiac Surgical Patients With Normal Central Venous Oxygen Saturation: A Retrospective Analysis. , 2015, Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia.

[12]  The Use of the Ratio between the Veno-arterial Carbon Dioxide Difference and the Arterial-venous Oxygen Difference to Guide Resuscitation in Cardiac Surgery Patients with Hyperlactatemia and Normal Central Venous Oxygen Saturation , 2015, Chinese medical journal.

[13]  E. Futier,et al.  Central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference as a prognostic tool in high-risk surgical patients , 2015, Critical Care.

[14]  K. Ho,et al.  Clinical Predictors of a Low Central Venous Oxygen Saturation after Major Surgery: A Prospective Prevalence Study , 2015, Anaesthesia and intensive care.

[15]  P. Asfar,et al.  Systemic microvascular shunting through hyperdynamic capillaries after acute physiological disturbances following cardiopulmonary bypass. , 2014, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.

[16]  G. Reul,et al.  Isolated high lactate or low central venous oxygen saturation after cardiac surgery and association with outcome. , 2013, Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia.

[17]  M. Jozwiak,et al.  Lactate and Venoarterial Carbon Dioxide Difference/Arterial-Venous Oxygen Difference Ratio, but Not Central Venous Oxygen Saturation, Predict Increase in Oxygen Consumption in Fluid Responders* , 2013, Critical care medicine.

[18]  M. Cecconi,et al.  Goal-directed therapy in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2013, British journal of anaesthesia.

[19]  J. Parrillo,et al.  Discordance between microcirculatory alterations and arterial pressure in patients with hemodynamic instability. , 2012, Journal of critical care.

[20]  R. Solis,et al.  Combined central venous oxygen saturation and lactate as markers of occult hypoperfusion and outcome following cardiac surgery. , 2012, Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia.

[21]  J. Bazin,et al.  Central venous O2 saturation and venous-to-arterial CO2 difference as complementary tools for goal-directed therapy during high-risk surgery , 2010, Critical care.

[22]  S. Pocock,et al.  The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies , 2007, The Lancet.

[23]  S. Jakob,et al.  Arterio-venous gradients of free energy change for assessment of systemic and splanchnic perfusion in cardiac surgery patients , 2006, Perfusion.

[24]  B. Biagioli,et al.  Anaerobic metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass: predictive value of carbon dioxide derived parameters. , 2006, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[25]  D. Torchiana,et al.  Gastrointestinal Complications in Patients Undergoing Heart Operation: An Analysis of 8709 Consecutive Cardiac Surgical Patients , 2005, Annals of surgery.

[26]  N. Anguel,et al.  Combination of venoarterial PCO2 difference with arteriovenous O2 content difference to detect anaerobic metabolism in patients , 2002, Intensive Care Medicine.

[27]  E. Ruokonen,et al.  Assessment of the adequacy of systemic and regional perfusion after cardiac surgery. , 2000, British journal of anaesthesia.

[28]  E. Ruokonen,et al.  A Prospective, Randomized Study of Goal-Oriented Hemodynamic Therapy in Cardiac Surgical Patients , 2000, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[29]  Rakitzis Et.  Thermodynamic considerations of arteriovenous gradients of hydrogen ion concentration and carbon dioxide tension , 2000 .

[30]  F. Cavaliere,et al.  Arterial-venous PCO2 gradient in early postoperative hours following myocardial revascularization. , 1996, The Journal of cardiovascular surgery.

[31]  J. W. Reed,et al.  Calculation of whole blood CO2 content. , 1988, Journal of applied physiology.