Production of steviosides in ex vitro and in vitro grown Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

Concn. of steviosides were determined in leaves, shoots, roots and flowers of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Stevioside extracts were obtained from both 1-month old greenhouse-grown plants and in vitro cultures in a process based on hydrolysis, esterification, evaporation and dissolution in methanol. HPLC analysis of methanol extracts revealed the presence of all 8 known sweet diterpene glycosides of S. rebaudiana, with steviolbioside, stevioside, rebaudiosides C and A and dulcoside A predominating. Steviosides contents generally declined in the order leaves > shoots > roots > flowers. Highest individual stevioside concn. in leaves from greenhouse plants was recorded for steviolbioside (64.80 g/kg dried plant), while highest concn. for leaves from in vitro cultures was for rebaudioside A (0.99 g/kg). Recovery of steviosides from leaves was 90% using methanol extraction.

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