A novel methodology in optimal setting of directional fault current limiter and protection of the MG

Abstract Integration of the Distributed Generators (DGs) in the MicroGrid (MG) provides an additional contribution to the fault current causing change of the short circuit current which could lead to the miscoordination problem (in the forms of maloperation and delayed operation) in the existing Over Current Relay (OCR) based protection system. Moreover, contribution of the MG can cause the overall fault current to exceed the designed capability level of distribution components, like Circuit Breakers (CBs). In this case, CBs are subjected to increased stresses and are thus more prone to failure to operate when desired. As a result of the above issues (miscoordination and CB failure) the system reliability degrades. Utilizing a Directional Fault Current Limiter (DFCL) between the MG and upstream network is an effective way to mitigate the above-mentioned issues. Nonetheless, setting of the DFCL parameters is a challenging task and should be done with the aim of restoring coordination among OCRs and also enhancing system reliability. In this paper, a novel methodology for optimal setting of DFCL parameters (R and X) is proposed therein the effect of DFCL on OCRs coordination and system reliability is considered simultaneously. For this purpose, a new objective function in terms of DFCL installation and reliability cost is introduced to minimize the total cost of DFCL utilization. Based on the proposed strategy, which will be evaluated through various scenarios, the optimal coordination between existing relays are restored and the whole MG would be protected without the need to use adaptive protection schemes or new relays.

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