Short‐Term In Vitro Culture and Molecular Analysis of the Microsporidian, Enterocytozoon bieneusi

ABSTRACT. The microsporidium, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, causes a severe, debilitating, chronic diarrhea in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Specific diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis, especially due to Enterocytozoon, is difficult and there is no known therapy that can completely eradicate this parasite. Preliminary studies indicate that a short term (about 6 months) in vitro culture of this parasite yielding low numbers of spores, may be established by inoculating human lung fibroblasts and/or monkey kidney cell cultures with duodenal aspirates and or biopsy from infected patients. The cultures may subsequently be used for the isolation and molecular analysis of parasite DNA.

[1]  G. Visvesvara,et al.  In vitro culture and serologic and molecular identification of Septata intestinalis isolated from urine of a patient with AIDS , 1995, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[2]  D. Schwartz,et al.  Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody and PCR-amplified small-subunit rRNA identification of a microsporidian, Encephalitozoon hellem, isolated from an AIDS patient with disseminated infection , 1994, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[3]  D. Schwartz,et al.  Human microsporidial infections , 1994, Clinical Microbiology Reviews.

[4]  E. Canning,et al.  Septata intestinalis frequently isolated from stool of AIDS patients with a new cultivation method , 1994, Parasitology.

[5]  L. Weiss,et al.  Small subunit rRNA sequence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and its potential diagnostic role with use of the polymerase chain reaction. , 1993, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[6]  D. Schwartz,et al.  Pathology of symptomatic microsporidial (Encephalitozoon hellem) bronchiolitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a new respiratory pathogen diagnosed from lung biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, and tissue culture. , 1993, Human pathology.

[7]  T. van Gool,et al.  Genetic evidence for the occurrence of extra-intestinal Enterocytozoon bieneusi infections. , 1993, Nucleic acids research.

[8]  C. Vossbrinck,et al.  Ribosomal Dna Sequences of Encephalitozoon Hellem and Encephalitozoon Cuniculi: Species Identification and Phylogenetic Construction , 1993, The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology.

[9]  D. Schwartz,et al.  Pathologic features and immunofluorescent antibody demonstration of ocular microsporidiosis (Encephalitozoon hellem) in seven patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. , 1993, American journal of ophthalmology.

[10]  F. Carnot,et al.  Microsporidia infection in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus and unexplained cholangitis. , 1993, The New England journal of medicine.

[11]  J. Orenstein,et al.  Septata Intestinalis N. G., N. Sp., an Intestinal Microsporidian Associated With Chronic Diarrhea and Dissemination In Aids Patients , 1993, The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology.

[12]  R. Modigliani,et al.  Intestinal microsporidiosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with chronic unexplained diarrhea: prevalence and clinical and biologic features. , 1993, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[13]  J. Alroy,et al.  Myositis due to Pleistophora (Microsporidia) in a patient with AIDS. , 1993, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[14]  D. Schwartz,et al.  Disseminated microsporidiosis (Encephalitozoon hellem) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Autopsy evidence for respiratory acquisition. , 1992, Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine.

[15]  R. Bryan,et al.  Improved light-microscopical detection of microsporidia spores in stool and duodenal aspirates. The Enteric Opportunistic Infections Working Group. , 1992, The New England journal of medicine.

[16]  S. Tanguy,et al.  Characteristics of the microsporidian Enterocytozoon bieneusi: a consequence of its development within short-living enterocytes. , 1991, The Journal of protozoology.

[17]  R. Bryan,et al.  Culture, electron microscopy, and immunoblot studies on a microsporidian parasite isolated from the urine of a patient with AIDS. , 1991, The Journal of protozoology.

[18]  J. Yano,et al.  Pattern formation in mirror-image doublets of the ciliate Stylonychia pustulata , 1991 .

[19]  J. Orenstein,et al.  Isolation and characterization of a new human microsporidian, Encephalitozoon hellem (n. sp.), from three AIDS patients with keratoconjunctivitis. , 1991, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[20]  L. Scheibel.  O'day, D. H. , 1991 .

[21]  R. Bryan,et al.  Microsporidia: opportunistic pathogens in patients with AIDS. , 1991, Progress in clinical parasitology.

[22]  R. L. Font,et al.  Isolation of a microsporidian from a human patient. , 1990, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[23]  J. Orenstein,et al.  Intestinal microsporidiosis as a cause of diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a report of 20 cases. , 1990, Human pathology.

[24]  E. Canning,et al.  Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Microspora): prevalence and pathogenicity in AIDS patients. , 1990, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

[25]  R. Owen,et al.  Intracellular development of Enterocytozoon, a unique microsporidian found in the intestine of AIDS patients. , 1990, The Journal of protozoology.

[26]  Microsporidian keratoconjunctivitis in patients with AIDS. , 1990, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[27]  J. Shadduck.  Human microsporidiosis and AIDS. , 1989, Reviews of infectious diseases.

[28]  C. Woese,et al.  Ribosomal RNA sequence suggests microsporidia are extremely ancient eukaryotes , 1987, Nature.

[29]  John Walker.  Microsporidia of Vertebrates , 1987 .

[30]  R. Modigliani,et al.  Occurrence of a new microsporidan: Enterocytozoon bieneusi n.g., n. sp., in the enterocytes of a human patient with AIDS. , 1985, The Journal of protozoology.