Probability and statistics

This chapter introduces the calculating techniques of probability and statistics as well as their applications in geosciences. For each technique, the applying ranges and conditions, basic principles, calculation methods, and case studies are provided. Each case study contains the relevant calculation flowchart, calculation results, and analyses. Though each case study is small, it reflects the whole process of calculations to benefit readers in understanding and mastering the techniques applied. Though some flowcharts are drawn for specific case studies, they are actually all-purpose only if the specific case study is replaced by readers’ own application samples.

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