Comparison of 3D volume integral equation and ray tracing for indoor propagation modelling

This paper presents a comparison between a volume electric field integral equation (VEFIE) modelling approach and ray tracing for the purposes of indoor propagation modelling. Focus is drawn to the inclusion of multiple internal interactions in the computation of reflections and transmissions in ray tracing. Results are presented for lossless and lossy materials. It is found that including multiple internal reflections improves the agreement between the ray tracing model and the VEFIE for reflections from a slab whilst there is a negligible improvement when considering transmissions through the slab. It is shown that when considering reflections from a slab it is more beneficial to consider internal interactions over diffraction but for transmissions through the slab other electromagnetic phenomenon are of more benefit than internal interactions.

[1]  Prabhakar H. Pathak,et al.  Uniform Geometrical Theory Of Diffraction , 1982, Optics & Photonics.

[2]  Derek A. McNamara,et al.  Introduction to the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction , 1990 .

[3]  A. J. Motley,et al.  Radio coverage in buildings , 1990 .

[4]  Henk A. van der Vorst,et al.  Bi-CGSTAB: A Fast and Smoothly Converging Variant of Bi-CG for the Solution of Nonsymmetric Linear Systems , 1992, SIAM J. Sci. Comput..

[5]  Jeroen Wigard,et al.  COST Action 231: Digital Mobile Radio Towards Future Generation System, Final Report. , 1999 .

[6]  Iván González Diego,et al.  Propagation model based on ray tracing for the design of personal communication systems in indoor environments , 2000, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol..

[7]  Qing Huo Liu,et al.  Microwave breast imaging: 3-D forward scattering simulation , 2003, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[8]  A.G. d'Assuncao,et al.  Efficient ray-tracing method for indoor propagation prediction , 2005, SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Conference on Microwave and Optoelectronics, 2005..

[9]  Conor Brennan,et al.  Reduced forward operator for electromagnetic wave scattering problems , 2006 .

[10]  Conor Brennan,et al.  On comparison of integral equation approaches for indoor wave propagation , 2014, 2014 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC).

[11]  Conor Brennan,et al.  Preliminary comparison of 3D integral equation based indoor propagation model and ray tracing , 2015, 2015 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC).