Recent advances in x-ray optics

The author describes some of the advances in optical elements and techniques for x-ray imaging obtained during the last decades and discusses his expectation for the next two decades.

[1]  Atsushi Momose,et al.  Operation of a separated-type x-ray interferometer for phase-contrast x-ray imaging , 1999 .

[2]  R. Hoover,et al.  Soft X-ray Images of the Solar Corona with a Normal-Incidence Cassegrain Multilayer Telescope , 1988, Science.

[3]  T Takeda,et al.  Blood vessels: depiction at phase-contrast X-ray imaging without contrast agents in the mouse and rat-feasibility study. , 2000, Radiology.

[4]  Kenneth A. Goldberg,et al.  At-wavelength interferometry for extreme ultraviolet lithography , 1997 .

[5]  Donald W. Sweeney,et al.  EUV optical design for a 100-nm CD imaging system , 1998, Advanced Lithography.

[6]  Hirano,et al.  Investigation of the phase shift in x-ray forward diffraction using an x-ray interferometer. , 1996, Physical review letters.

[7]  Kenneth A. Goldberg,et al.  Extreme ultraviolet microexposures at the Advanced Light Source using the 0.3 numerical aperture micro-exposure tool optic , 2004 .

[8]  M. L. Le Gros,et al.  X-ray tomography generates 3-D reconstructions of the yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae, at 60-nm resolution. , 2003, Molecular biology of the cell.

[9]  B. Lengeler,et al.  A compound refractive lens for focusing high-energy X-rays , 1996, Nature.

[10]  Eberhard Spiller,et al.  High-performance Mo-Si multilayer coatings for extreme-ultraviolet lithography by ion-beam deposition. , 2003, Applied optics.

[11]  R Feder,et al.  Transmission microscropy of unmodified biological materials: comparative radiation dosages with electrons and ultrasoft x-ray photons. , 1977, Ultramicroscopy.

[12]  W. Miles Clift,et al.  Improved reflectance and stability of Mo/Si multilayers , 2001, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[13]  J. Miao,et al.  Extending the methodology of X-ray crystallography to allow imaging of micrometre-sized non-crystalline specimens , 1999, Nature.

[14]  Walter M. Gibson,et al.  Applications of x-ray and neutron capillary optics , 1993, Optics & Photonics.

[15]  W. Bragg,et al.  The Reflection of X-Rays by Crystals , 1913, Nature.

[16]  Heinz Kiessig Interferenz von Röntgenstrahlen an dünnen Schichten , 1931 .

[17]  J. Susini,et al.  Focusing of hard X-rays with a supermirror , 1997 .

[18]  H. Wolter Spiegelsysteme streifenden Einfalls als abbildende Optiken für Röntgenstrahlen , 1952 .

[19]  M. A. Kumakhov,et al.  Multiple reflection from surface X-ray optics , 1990 .

[20]  P. Cloetens,et al.  Holotomography: Quantitative phase tomography with micrometer resolution using hard synchrotron radiation x rays , 1999 .

[21]  M. Laue,et al.  Interferenzerscheinungen bei Röntgenstrahlen , 1913 .

[22]  Kenneth A. Goldberg,et al.  The EUV phase-shifting point diffraction interferometer , 2001 .

[23]  Hans Wolter,et al.  Verallgemeinerte Schwarzschildsche Spiegelsysteme streifender Reflexion als Optiken für Röntgenstrahlen , 1952 .

[24]  Jianwei Miao,et al.  Taking X-ray diffraction to the limit: macromolecular structures from femtosecond X-ray pulses and diffraction microscopy of cells with synchrotron radiation. , 2004, Annual review of biophysics and biomolecular structure.

[25]  A. Szentgyorgyi,et al.  Design of grazing-incidence multilayer supermirrors for hard-x-ray reflectors. , 1995, Applied optics.

[26]  S. Marchesini,et al.  X-ray image reconstruction from a diffraction pattern alone , 2003, physics/0306174.

[27]  Abraham Szoke,et al.  Dynamics of biological molecules irradiated by short x-ray pulses. , 2004, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[28]  E. Spiller Low-Loss Reflection Coatings Using Absorbing Materials , 1972 .

[29]  I. Robinson,et al.  Three-dimensional imaging of microstructure in Au nanocrystals. , 2003, Physical review letters.

[30]  J. Hajdu,et al.  Potential for biomolecular imaging with femtosecond X-ray pulses , 2000, Nature.

[31]  P. Kirkpatrick,et al.  Formation of optical images by X-rays. , 1948, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[32]  U. Bonse,et al.  AN X‐RAY INTERFEROMETER , 1965 .

[33]  J. Kirz,et al.  Soft X-ray microscopes and their biological applications , 1995, Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics.

[34]  J. Hajdu,et al.  Diffraction imaging of single particles and biomolecules. , 2003, Journal of structural biology.

[35]  E. Anderson,et al.  Soft X-ray microscopy at a spatial resolution better than 15 nm , 2005, Nature.

[36]  G. Schneider,et al.  Diffraction optics for X-ray imaging , 1996 .