Undersea Networked Acoustic Communication and Navigation for Autonomous Mine-Countermeasure Systems

Telesonar underwater acoustic modem technology has attained a level of maturity sufficient to support undersea wireless communication networks, as dramatically demonstrated during Fleet Battle Experiment India (FBE-I) in June 2001. Telesonar network development is following a concept of operations called seaweb. The seaweb blueprint is tailored for battery-limited network nodes composing wide-area (order 100-10,000 km 2 ) sensor grids. Seaweb already enables the development of littoral surveillance systems such as the Deployable Autonomous Distributed System (DADS) and continental-shelf observatories such as the Front-Resolving Oceanographic Network with Telemetry (FRONT). Seaweb networking provides acoustic ranging, localization, and navigation functionality, and supports the participation of mobile nodes as members of the wide-area network. These mobile platforms include manned submarines and unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs) that crawl, swim, glide, and drift. Seaweb supports expeditionary operations in contested waters, with communication gateways to manned command centers submerged, afloat, aloft, ashore, and afar. The seaweb wireless infrastructure naturally extends into mined areas, providing cross-platform, cross-mission interoperability with anti-submarine-warfare (ASW), intelligence-surveillance-reconnaissance (ISR), and meteorology- oceanography (METOC) systems. This paper introduces seaweb to the mine- countermeasures (MCM) community, and addresses the communication and navigation issues associated with autonomous sensors and UUVs. This work sponsored by ONR 32 and the Navy SBIR Program.

[1]  Dan Frye,et al.  Data telemetry for ocean bottom instrumentation , 2001, MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295).

[2]  R. K. Creber,et al.  Undersea acoustic network operations through a database-oriented server/client interface , 2001, MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295).

[3]  John G. Proakis,et al.  Evolution of Seaweb underwater acoustic networking , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[4]  J. Rice,et al.  Telesonar network modeling and simulation , 1999, Oceans '99. MTS/IEEE. Riding the Crest into the 21st Century. Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37008).

[5]  J. G. Proakis,et al.  Direct sequence spread spectrum based modem for under water acoustic communication and channel measurements , 1999, Oceans '99. MTS/IEEE. Riding the Crest into the 21st Century. Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37008).

[6]  Paul A. Baxley,et al.  Performance of undersea acoustic networking using RTS/CTS handshaking and ARQ retransmission , 2001, MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295).

[7]  Joseph A. Rice,et al.  Acoustic communication channel modeling for the Baltic Sea , 1999, Oceans '99. MTS/IEEE. Riding the Crest into the 21st Century. Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37008).

[8]  Heidi M. Sosik,et al.  Front Resolving Observational Network with Telemetry (FRONT) , 1999 .

[9]  J. A. Rice,et al.  Error correction coding for communication in adverse underwater channels , 1997, Oceans '97. MTS/IEEE Conference Proceedings.

[10]  M. Stojanovic,et al.  Underwater acoustic networks , 2000, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[11]  John L. Butler,et al.  A synthesized tri‐modal directional transducer , 2002 .

[12]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Shallow-Water Acoustic Networks† , 2003 .

[13]  M. Stojanovic,et al.  Towards robust adaptive acoustic communications , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[14]  G. Richard EISLER,et al.  Cooperative Control of Vehicle Swarms for Acoustic Target Recognition by Measurement of Energy Flows , .

[15]  S. Merriam,et al.  Underwater acoustic modem configured for use in a local area network (LAN) , 1998, IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society. OCEANS'98. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36259).

[16]  John L. Butler,et al.  Multimode directional telesonar transducer , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[17]  Joseph A. Rice,et al.  Real-time delivery of subsurface coastal circulation measurements from distributed instruments using networked acoustic modems , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[18]  A.B. Baggeroer,et al.  The state of the art in underwater acoustic telemetry , 2000, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[19]  I-Tai Lu,et al.  Parameter study of OFDM underwater communications system , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[20]  J.A. Rice,et al.  Channel-tolerant FH-MFSK acoustic signaling for undersea communications and networks , 2000, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[21]  Joseph A Rice,et al.  A tri-modal directional transducer. , 2001, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[22]  R.F.W. Coates.  Underwater acoustic communications , 1993, Proceedings of OCEANS '93.

[23]  V.K. McDonald,et al.  An underwater communication testbed for telesonar RDT&E , 1998, IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society. OCEANS'98. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36259).

[24]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Underwater acoustic communications , 1995, Proceedings of Electro/International 1995.

[25]  M.B. Porter,et al.  Passive phase-conjugate signaling using pulse-position modulation , 2001, MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295).

[26]  L. Reinhart,et al.  Broadband, multimode, free‐flooded, baffled circular ring projectors , 2001 .

[27]  N. Fruehauf,et al.  System design aspects of a steerable directional acoustic communications transducer for autonomous undersea systems , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[28]  Christian Meinig,et al.  NeMONet: a near real-time deep ocean observatory , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[29]  Geoffrey G. Xie,et al.  A network layer protocol for UANs to address propagation delay induced performance limitations , 2001, MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295).

[30]  Michael B. Porter,et al.  Undersea Acoustic Communications Signals , 1999 .

[31]  Michael B. Porter,et al.  Relating modem performance to the ocean channel properties , 2000 .

[32]  Lee Freitag,et al.  Multiuser undersea acoustic communications in the presence of multipath propagation , 2001, MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295).

[33]  J A Rice.  Telesonar Signaling and Seaweb Underwater Wireless Networks , 2001 .

[34]  X. Yu.  Wireline quality underwater wireless communication using high speed acoustic modems , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[35]  J. Rice,et al.  Seaweb Underwater Acoustic Nets , 2001 .

[36]  K. Raysin,et al.  Simulation of underwater sensor networks , 1999, Oceans '99. MTS/IEEE. Riding the Crest into the 21st Century. Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37008).

[37]  Michael B. Porter,et al.  Channel characterization for high‐frequency acoustic communications , 2001 .

[38]  Mitch Gavrilash,et al.  Demonstration of Surf Zone Crawlers: Results from AUV Fest 01 , 2002 .

[39]  Kevin B. Smith,et al.  On the Impacts and Benefits of Implementing Full-duplex Communications Links in an Underwater Acoustic Network , 2002 .

[40]  M.B. Porter,et al.  SignalEx: linking environmental acoustics with the signaling schemes , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[41]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Telesonar channel estimation and adaptation , 1999 .

[42]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Initialization and Routing Optimization for Ad Hoc Underwater Acoustic Networks , 2003 .

[43]  Michael B. Porter,et al.  RELATING THE CHANNEL TO ACOUSTIC MODEM PERFORMANCE , 2000 .

[44]  H. Bucker,et al.  Shallow-Water Acoustic Communications Channel Modeling Using Three-Dimensional Gaussian Beams , 2001 .