Architecture de communication multimédia et multi-réseaux

Les progres recents dans le domaine des technologies de communications ont ouvert la voie a de nouveaux reseaux et les applications multimedias distribuees se sont developpees. Elles ont pour principales caracteristiques des debits eleves, des flux continus avec de fortes contraintes temporelles, et des besoins en synchronisation pour preserver la coherence de leur presentation. Les reseaux de communication actuels ne pouvant tout offrir a la fois (hauts debits, qualite et respect des contraintes temporelles), la multiplicite des supports de communication et des services permet d'envisager une nouvelle voie : le choix du support de communication en fonction des contraintes de l'application. Si cette multiplicite possede des attraits, elle recele aussi de nombreuses difficultes qu'il faut maitriser comme l'heterogeneite des services de bout en bout. Ceci nous a conduit a concevoir et a realiser une nouvelle architecture de communication " multi-reseaux " prenant en compte les besoins specifiques des applications multimedias. D'une part, lorsque plusieurs reseaux sont accessibles, un protocole permettant de selectionner la meilleure interface de communication en fonction des besoins specifiques des flux multimedias a ete defini. Afin de preserver la synchronisation multimedia, des mecanismes d'ordres partiels sont integres au protocole. D'autre part, lorsque des domaines tres heterogenes doivent etre traverses par un flux, une solution qui permet de preserver la qualite de service des protocoles de transport est proposee. Elle est basee sur le principe de la rupture des connexions transport par des proxys situes en bordure de domaine. Un modele de flux associant un langage de specification des flux multimedias a des mecanismes de traitement de ces flux par le protocole est propose pour formaliser les specifications de qualite de service. Enfin, cette these a contribue a developper des mecanismes de deploiement dynamique de protocoles de t ransport.

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