Psychological contract breach and counterproductive workplace behaviors : testing moderating effect of attribution style and power distance

In this study, we examined the relationship between psychological contract breach (PCB) and counterproductive workplace behaviors (CWBs). We also explored two personal factors, namely casual attribution styles and power distance, in moderating the PCB–CWB linkage. One hundred and thirty-one full-time Chinese employees in Macao were recruited. Results showed that PCB was positively correlated with CWB. Furthermore, this relationship was moderated by external attribution style and power distance. In particular, employees who attributed the contract breach more to disruption and endorsed higher on power distance tended to report lower CWB. Limitation and implication are discussed.

[1]  R. Schalk,et al.  Towards a Dynamic Model of the Psychological Contract. , 2007 .

[2]  James M. Bloodgood,et al.  Not seeing eye to eye: Differences in supervisor and subordinate perceptions of and attributions for psychological contract breach. , 2002 .

[3]  Bradley L. Kirkman,et al.  A quarter century of Culture's Consequences: a review of empirical research incorporating Hofstede's cultural values framework , 2006 .

[4]  Paul T. P. Wong,et al.  When people ask "why" questions, and the heuristics of attributional search. , 1981 .

[5]  Beryl Hesketh,et al.  Power Distance, Individualism/Collectivism, and Job-Related Attitudes in a Culturally Diverse Work Group , 1994 .

[6]  Daniel C. Feldman,et al.  Re‐examining the effects of psychological contract violations: unmet expectations and job dissatisfaction as mediators , 2000 .

[7]  Neil Conway,et al.  A daily diary study of affective responses to psychological contract breach and exceeded promises. , 2002 .

[8]  Peter Herriot,et al.  The Content of the Psychological Contract , 1997 .

[9]  A. D. De Lange,et al.  Psychological contract breach and job attitudes: A meta-analysis of age as a moderator , 2008 .

[10]  Joel Brockner,et al.  Culture and procedural justice: The influence of power distance on reactions to voice. , 2001 .

[11]  D. Rousseau,et al.  Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm , 1994 .

[12]  Kenneth S. Law,et al.  Power-Distance, Gender and Organizational Justice , 2000 .

[13]  S. Aryee,et al.  Psychological contract breach in a Chinese context: An integrative approach , 2003 .

[14]  Rick D. Hackett,et al.  Individual-Level Cultural Values as Moderators of Perceived Organizational Support–Employee Outcome Relationships in China: Comparing the Effects of Power Distance and Traditionality , 2007 .

[15]  R. Eisenberger,et al.  Perceived organizational support: a review of the literature. , 2002, The Journal of applied psychology.

[16]  J. Greenberg Employee Theft as a Reaction to Underpayment Inequity: The Hidden Cost of Pay Cuts , 1990 .

[17]  Kevin Au,et al.  Cultural variation and the psychological contract , 2003 .

[18]  E. Morrison,et al.  WHEN EMPLOYEES FEEL BETRAYED: A MODEL OF HOW PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION DEVELOPS , 1997 .

[19]  Sandra L. Robinson,et al.  Psychological contracts and OCB: The effect of unfulfilled obligations on civic virtue behavior , 1995 .

[20]  P. Blau Exchange and Power in Social Life , 1964 .

[21]  Bernd Marcus,et al.  Antecedents of counterproductive behavior at work: a general perspective. , 2004, The Journal of applied psychology.

[22]  W. H. Turnley,et al.  Psychological contract violations during corporate restructuring , 1998 .

[23]  Paul R. Sackett,et al.  Investigating the Dimensionality of Counterproductive Work Behavior , 2003 .

[24]  Simon S. K. Lam,et al.  Relationship between organizational justice and employee work outcomes: a cross‐national study , 2002 .

[25]  N. Anderson,et al.  The psychological contract in retrospect and prospect , 1998 .

[26]  Barbara J. Kennedy,et al.  Psychological Contract Violation: Impacts on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Among Australian Senior Public Servants , 2005 .

[27]  Bradley L. Kirkman,et al.  The impact of cultural values on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in self-managing work teams: The mediating role of employee resistance. , 2001 .

[28]  Jon P. Howell,et al.  Does Cultural Socialization Predict Multiple Bases and Foci of Commitment , 2000 .

[29]  P. Bordia,et al.  When employees strike back: investigating mediating mechanisms between psychological contract breach and workplace deviance. , 2008, The Journal of applied psychology.

[30]  P. Bordia,et al.  Behavioural Outcomes of Psychological Contract Breach in a Non-Western Culture: The Moderating Role of Equity Sensitivity , 2007 .

[31]  G. Hofstede,et al.  Culture′s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values , 1980 .

[32]  Wing Tung Au,et al.  Normative controls and self-reported counterproductive behaviors in the workplace in China , 2005 .

[33]  N. Turner,et al.  Predicting workplace aggression: a meta-analysis. , 2007, The Journal of applied psychology.

[34]  Paul E. Spector,et al.  A model of work frustration–aggression , 1999 .

[35]  Sandra L. Robinson,et al.  The development of psychological contract breach and violation: a longitudinal study , 2000 .

[36]  D. Rousseau Psychological and implied contracts in organizations , 1989 .

[37]  Mark J. Martinko,et al.  Toward an Integrative Theory of Counterproductive Workplace Behavior: A Causal Reasoning Perspective , 2002 .

[38]  Daniel C. Feldman,et al.  The Impact of Psychological Contract Violations on Exit, Voice, Loyalty, and Neglect , 1999 .