Growth and properties of tungsten bronze K3Li2Nb5O15 single crystals

Tetragonal tungsten bronze K/sub 3/Li/sub 2/Nb/sub 5/O/sub 15/(KLN) single crystals have been grown up to 8 - 10 mm diameter and 40 - 50 mm long using the Czochralski technique. Crystal growth was studied in various orientations with growth along and being relatively easier than along . Crystals grown along have a square cross-section similar to other bigger unit cell bronzes such as Ba/sub 2-chi/Sr/sub chi/K/sub 1-chi/Na/sub yNb/5/sub O/15(BSKNN). Like BSKNN, KLN crystals show strong longitudinal effects, such as {epsilon}/sub 11/, {kappa}/sub 15/, d/sub 15/ and r/sub 51/, indicating suitability for Surface Acoutic Wave (SAW), electro-optic and photorefractive applications.

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