Extratos de plantas de cobertura no desenvolvimento de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant extracts may interfere with the life cycle of pathogens by promoting or inhibiting development. Based on this property, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extracts of the COVER plants crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), brachiaria (Brachiaria ruziziensis), panicum maximum grass (Panicum maximum cv. mombaca), millet (Pennisetum glaucum), pigeon pea dwarf bean (Cajanus cajan.) and stylosanthes (Stylosanthes macrocephala x Stylosanthes capitata) on the mycelial growth, mycelial and carpogenic germination of sclerotia, and ascospore germination of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The stages of the experiment were carried out in a greenhouse, growth chambers and laboratory. The concentrations of the extracts used were 1%, 5%, 10% and 25%. To assess the influence of extracts on the mycelial and carpogenic germination of the sclerotia only the concentration of 25% was used. The results on the mycelial growth showed that the Stylosanthes sp. plant extract was effective for inhibiting the pathogen only at concentration of 25%. For mycelial germination of sclerotia, it was found that with the exception of Stylosanthes sp. the extracts induced germination 12 hours after the experiment. In regard to the germination of ascospores, only the extract from Stylosanthes sp. successfully prevented germination.

[1]  J. P. Neto,et al.  ADIÇÃO DE PALHA DE MILHETO AO SOLO PARA REDUÇÃO DA PODRIDÃO DO COLO EM FEIJOEIRO , 2010 .

[2]  L. C. Carneiro,et al.  Redução do inóculo inicial de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum em soja cultivada após uso do sistema Santa Fé , 2010 .

[3]  L. C. Carneiro,et al.  Controle do mofo-branco com palhada e Trichoderma harzianum 1306 em soja , 2009 .

[4]  E. Lopes,et al.  Influência de fatores químicos do solo sobre a incidência do mal-do-Panamá nabananeira cv. pacovan na Paraíba , 2008 .

[5]  P. M. Silveira,et al.  ACUMULAÇÃO DE NUTRIENTES NO LIMBO FOLIAR DE GUANDU E ESTILOSANTES , 2007 .

[6]  G. Franzener,et al.  Atividades antibacteriana, antifungica e indutora de fitoalexinas de hidrolatos de plantas medicinais , 2007 .

[7]  B. Piechulla,et al.  Rhizobacterial Volatiles Affect the Growth of Fungi and Arabidopsis thaliana , 2007, Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

[8]  Ana Cristina Grade Fiori-Tutida,et al.  Fungitoxicidade, atividade elicitora de fitoalexinas e proteção de alface em sistema de cultivo orgânico contra Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pelo extrato de gengibre , 2007 .

[9]  J. L. S. Bentes,et al.  Plantas de cobertura de solo como hospedeiras alternativas de Colletotrichum guaranicola , 2006 .

[10]  W. Fernando,et al.  Identification and use of potential bacterial organic antifungal volatiles in biocontrol , 2005 .

[11]  S. Singh,et al.  Fungitoxicity of some higher plants againstRhizoctonia solani , 1983, Plant and Soil.

[12]  V. P. Campos,et al.  Efeito de exsudatos radiculares em endósporos de Pasteuria penetrans e em juvenis do segundo estádio de Meloidogyne incognita , 2004 .

[13]  P. Dixon,et al.  Strawberry Plant Extracts Stimulate Secondary Conidiation by Colletotrichum acutatum on Symptomless Leaves. , 2003, Phytopathology.

[14]  K. Subbarao,et al.  Effects of Broccoli Rotation on Lettuce Drop Caused by Sclerotinia minor and on the Population Density of Sclerotia in Soil. , 2003, Plant disease.

[15]  D. Crowley,et al.  Soil and plant specific effects on bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere , 2001 .

[16]  I. C. S. F. Jardim,et al.  Métodos de extração e/ou concentração de compostos encontrados em fluidos biológicos para posterior determinação cromatográfica , 2001 .

[17]  A. C. Kennedy.  Bacterial diversity in agroecosystems , 1999 .

[18]  Ferraz,et al.  Effects of soil moisture, organic matter and grass mulching on the carpogenic germination of sclerotia and infection of bean by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , 1999 .

[19]  C. M. F. Pinto,et al.  In vitro effect of plant leaf extracts on mycelial growth and sclerotial germination of Sclerotium cepivorum , 1998 .

[20]  R. Hall,et al.  Index of plant hosts of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , 1994 .

[21]  W. C. Morgan,et al.  Suppression of sclerotinia soft rot of lettuce with organic soil amendments , 1994 .

[22]  A. Phillips.  Carpogenic germination of sclerotia of Sclerolinia sclerotiorum: A review , 1987 .

[23]  H. C. Huang,et al.  Factors affecting myceliogenic germination of sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. , 1985 .

[24]  L. Kohn.  Delimitation of the economically important plant pathogenic Sclerotinia species. , 1979 .

[25]  L. H. Purdy.  Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: history, diseases and symptomatology, host range, geographic distribution, and impact. , 1979 .