China's R&D Policy for the 21st Century: Government Direction of Innovation

Innovation and progress in science and technology (ST reducing China's dependence on imported technologies to 30 percent; improving the contribution to economic growth made by technological advances to 60 percent; and joining the world's top five countries in terms of number of patents granted for domestic inventions and citations in international science papers. The ST the achievement of major scientific breakthroughs in targeted areas; and making enterprises the driving force of the innovation system. This article describes the S&T Plan in detail, as well as policy interventions at the regional and local levels. The article concludes with comments on China's efforts to direct innovation and technological progress.