A functional micro-electrode mapping of ventral thalamus in essential tremor

Using microelectrode recordings in patients with essential tremor undergoing DBS surgery, Pedrosa et al. demonstrate that the ventrolateral thalamus shows maximum tremor-related activity and the highest coherence with electromyographic activity in the contralateral arm. Efferent pockets of activity outnumber afferent, and the phase relationship between these components modulates tremor amplitude.

[1]  J. Dostrovsky,et al.  Surgery of the motor thalamus: Problems with the present nomenclatures , 2002, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[2]  Karl J. Friston,et al.  Stimulating at the right time: phase-specific deep brain stimulation , 2016, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[3]  G. Fink,et al.  Verbal Fluency in Essential Tremor Patients: The Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation , 2014, Brain Stimulation.

[4]  P. Mitra,et al.  Analysis of dynamic brain imaging data. , 1998, Biophysical journal.

[5]  F. Lenz,et al.  Thalamic neuronal activity correlated with essential tremor , 1998, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[6]  A M Amjad,et al.  A framework for the analysis of mixed time series/point process data--theory and application to the study of physiological tremor, single motor unit discharges and electromyograms. , 1995, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[7]  Catherine J. Stoodley,et al.  Evidence for topographic organization in the cerebellum of motor control versus cognitive and affective processing , 2010, Cortex.

[8]  R. Elble.  Physiologic and essential tremor , 1986, Neurology.

[9]  V. Visser-Vandewalle,et al.  Thalamomuscular Coherence in Essential Tremor: Hen or Egg in the Emergence of Tremor? , 2014, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[10]  E. G. Jones,et al.  A new parcellation of the human thalamus on the basis of histochemical staining , 1989, Brain Research Reviews.

[11]  H. Kwan,et al.  Single unit analysis of the human ventral thalamic nuclear group. Tremor-related activity in functionally identified cells. , 1994, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[12]  J. Schoffelen,et al.  Comparing spectra and coherences for groups of unequal size , 2007, Journal of Neuroscience Methods.

[13]  David Rudrauf,et al.  Estimating the time-course of coherence between single-trial brain signals: an introduction to wavelet coherence , 2002, Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology.

[14]  P. Brown,et al.  The differentiated networks related to essential tremor onset and its amplitude modulation after alcohol intake , 2017, Experimental Neurology.

[15]  J. Jankovic,et al.  Long-term evaluation of deep brain stimulation of the thalamus. , 2006, Journal of neurosurgery.

[16]  P. Ashby,et al.  Coherence between cerebellar thalamus, cortex and muscle in man: cerebellar thalamus interactions. , 2000, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[17]  J. Dostrovsky,et al.  The Motor Thalamus in Neurosurgery , 2006, Neurosurgery.

[18]  R. Kristeva-Feige,et al.  Tremor-correlated cortical activity detected by electroencephalography , 2000, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[19]  G. Fink,et al.  Essential tremor and tremor in Parkinson's disease are associated with distinct ‘tremor clusters’ in the ventral thalamus , 2012, Experimental Neurology.

[20]  R. Quian Quiroga,et al.  Unsupervised Spike Detection and Sorting with Wavelets and Superparamagnetic Clustering , 2004, Neural Computation.

[21]  L. Timmermann,et al.  Time reproduction deficits in essential tremor patients , 2016, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[22]  A. Benabid,et al.  Long-term suppression of tremor by chronic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus , 1991, The Lancet.

[23]  Dario Farina,et al.  Power spectrum of the rectified EMG: when and why is rectification beneficial for identifying neural connectivity? , 2015, Journal of neural engineering.

[24]  Z. Mari,et al.  Thalamic physiology of intentional essential tremor is more like cerebellar tremor than postural essential tremor , 2013, Brain Research.

[25]  S. P. Lloyd,et al.  Least squares quantization in PCM , 1982, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[26]  A. Morel.  Stereotactic Atlas of the Human Thalamus and Basal Ganglia , 2007 .

[27]  Claudio Pollo,et al.  Directional local field potentials: A tool to optimize deep brain stimulation , 2017, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[28]  D. Thomson,et al.  Spectrum estimation and harmonic analysis , 1982, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[29]  G. Percheron.  The motor thalamus. , 1997, Journal of neurosurgery.

[30]  Mingzhou Ding,et al.  Analyzing information flow in brain networks with nonparametric Granger causality , 2008, NeuroImage.

[31]  J. Geweke,et al.  Measurement of Linear Dependence and Feedback between Multiple Time Series , 1982 .

[32]  Anil K. Seth,et al.  The MVGC multivariate Granger causality toolbox: A new approach to Granger-causal inference , 2014, Journal of Neuroscience Methods.

[33]  J. Dostrovsky,et al.  Enhanced synchronization of thalamic theta band local field potentials in patients with essential tremor , 2009, Experimental Neurology.

[34]  G. Schaltenbrand,et al.  Atlas for Stereotaxy of the Human Brain , 1977 .

[35]  H. Freund,et al.  The causal relationship between subcortical local field potential oscillations and Parkinsonian resting tremor , 2010, Journal of neural engineering.

[36]  A. Lozano,et al.  Anatomic Targeting of the Optimal Location for Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Essential Tremor. , 2017, World neurosurgery.

[37]  John-Stuart Brittain,et al.  Tremor stability index: a new tool for differential diagnosis in tremor syndromes , 2017, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[38]  Jan Raethjen,et al.  The oscillating central network of Essential tremor , 2012, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[39]  K. Hynynen,et al.  A Randomized Trial of Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Essential Tremor. , 2016, The New England journal of medicine.

[40]  J. Dostrovsky,et al.  Beta oscillatory neurons in the motor thalamus of movement disorder and pain patients , 2014, Experimental Neurology.

[41]  G. Buzsáki,et al.  Neuronal Oscillations in Cortical Networks , 2004, Science.

[42]  F. Lenz,et al.  Posture-related oscillations in human cerebellar thalamus in essential tremor are enabled by voluntary motor circuits. , 2005, Journal of neurophysiology.