“ Hey Alexa , What ’ s Up ? ” : Studies of In-Home Conversational Agent Usage

In-home, place-based, conversational agents have exploded in popularity over the past three years. In particular, Amazon’s conversational agent, Alexa, now dominates the market and is in millions of homes. This paper presents two complementary studies investigating the experience of households living with a conversational agent over an extended period of time. First, we gathered the history logs of 75 Alexa participants and quantitatively analyzed over 278,000 commands. Second, we performed seven in-home, contextual interviews of Alexa owners focusing on how their household interacts with Alexa. Our findings give the first glimpse of how households integrate Alexa into their lives. We found interesting behaviors around purchasing and acclimating to Alexa, in the number and physical placement of devices, and in daily use patterns. Participants also uniformly described interactions between children and Alexa. We conclude with suggestions for future improvement for intelligent conversational agents. Author

[1]  John Woods,et al.  Survey on Chatbot Design Techniques in Speech Conversation Systems , 2015 .

[2]  Andry Rakotonirainy,et al.  A Survey of Research on Context-Aware Homes , 2003, ACSW.

[3]  Gregory D. Abowd,et al.  Charting past, present, and future research in ubiquitous computing , 2000, TCHI.

[4]  John Zimmerman,et al.  User experience over time: an initial framework , 2009, CHI.

[5]  Douglas Schuler,et al.  Participatory Design: Principles and Practices , 1993 .

[6]  Peter Tolmie,et al.  A Day in the Life of Things in the Home , 2016, CSCW.

[7]  Yukiko I. Nakano,et al.  MACK: Media lab Autonomous Conversational Kiosk , 2002 .

[8]  Izak Benbasat,et al.  Trust In and Adoption of Online Recommendation Agents , 2005, J. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[9]  Gregory D. Abowd,et al.  The Family Intercom: Developing a Context-Aware Audio Communication System , 2001, UbiComp.

[10]  Tom Rodden,et al.  Domestic Routines and Design for the Home , 2004, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).

[11]  K. Chang,et al.  Embodiment in conversational interfaces: Rea , 1999, CHI '99.

[12]  John Zimmerman,et al.  Principles of Smart Home Control , 2006, UbiComp.

[13]  Beki Grinter,et al.  Smart homes or homes that smart? , 2003, CHIB.

[14]  John Zimmerman,et al.  Investigating the presence, form and behavior of virtual possessions in the context of a teen bedroom , 2012, CHI.

[15]  Cynthia Breazeal,et al.  "Hey Google is it OK if I eat you?": Initial Explorations in Child-Agent Interaction , 2017, IDC.

[16]  Marcela D. Rodríguez,et al.  Design dimensions of ambient information systems to assist elderly with their activities of daily living , 2010, UbiComp '10 Adjunct.

[17]  Charles L. Ortiz The Road to Natural Conversational Speech Interfaces , 2014, IEEE Internet Computing.

[18]  Eric Atwell,et al.  Chatbots: Are they Really Useful? , 2007, LDV Forum.

[19]  Rebecca E. Grinter,et al.  How Smart Homes Learn: The Evolution of the Networked Home and Household , 2007, UbiComp.

[20]  YankelovichNicole How do users know what to say , 1996 .

[21]  Stefan Kopp,et al.  A Conversational Agent as Museum Guide - Design and Evaluation of a Real-World Application , 2005, IVA.

[22]  Luis A. Guerrero,et al.  Alexa vs. Siri vs. Cortana vs. Google Assistant: A Comparison of Speech-Based Natural User Interfaces , 2017 .

[23]  Flávia de Almeida Barros,et al.  Persona-AIML: an architecture for developing chatterbots with personality , 2004, Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 2004. AAMAS 2004..

[24]  Shruti Sannon,et al.  "Alexa is my new BFF": Social Roles, User Satisfaction, and Personification of the Amazon Echo , 2017, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[25]  W. Keith Edwards,et al.  At Home with Ubiquitous Computing: Seven Challenges , 2001, UbiComp.