Effect of Shadowing on Energy Efficiency in Small Cellular Networks

Since femtocells are target to reduce the energy consumption in future cellular networks. In this paper, we analyze the joint impact of shadowing and path-loss exponent on the energy efficiency of such networks based on an analytical tractable model of the spatial fluid modeling. We first develop a closed-form expression of SINR threshold of a user equipment located at a given distance from its serving base station through a polynomial curve fitting method, while considering the impact of shadowing and path-loss exponent as well as a fixed coverage probability. Taking advantage of this expression, we then establish a tractable and efficient model based on spatial fluid framework which reduces the analysis complexity. Moreover, the effectiveness and the accuracy of the proposed model are highlighted through a comparison with the results obtained by Monte Carlo simulations. The results point out that the energy efficiency is significantly impacted by the shadow fading, and decreases with the raise of the standard deviation value of the lognormal shadowing.

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