Facial Expression Transformations for Expression-Invariant Face Recognition

This paper presents a method of expression-invariant face recognition by transforming the input face image with an arbitrary expression into its corresponding neutral facial expression image. When a new face image with an arbitrary expression is queried, it is represented by a feature vector using the active appearance model. Then, the facial expression state of the queried feature vector is identified by the facial expression recognizer. Then, the queried feature vector is transformed into the neutral facial expression vector using the identified facial expression state via the direct or indirect facial expression transformation, where the former uses the bilinear translation directly to transform the facial expression, but the latter uses the bilinear translation to obtain the relative expression parameters and transforms the facial expression indirectly by the obtained relative expression parameters. Then, the neutral facial expression vector is converted into the neutral facial expression image via the AAM reconstruction. Finally, the face recognition has been performed by the distance-based matching technique. Experimental results show that the proposed expression-invariant face recognition method is very robust under a variety of facial expressions.