infection in

Landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. The present study investigated Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas ( Leopardus guigna ) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. We also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. Protoparvovirus DNA 47 was detected in guignas across their entire distribution range, with (two cats), CPV-2a (one cat). The CVP-2c-like sequence found in a guigna clustered together with 55 domestic cat and dog CPV-2c sequences from South America, suggesting possible spillover from a domestic to a wild species as the origin of infection in guigna. No clinical signs of disease were found 57 in PCR-positive animals except for a CPV-2c-infected guigna, which had hemorrhagic diarrhea and 58 died a few days after arrival at a wildlife rescue center. Our findings reveal widespread presence of Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 across the guigna distribution in Chile and suggest that virus 60 transmission potentially occurs from domestic to wild carnivores, causing severe disease and death in 61 susceptible wild guignas.