Catch Me If You Can: Technological Constraints/Affordances and Mindfulness during Collaborative Police Emergency Response

Nowadays, mobile technology plays an essential role during police emergency response duties. This article presents the result of an ethnographic research in progress. Police officers were shadowed during their shifts (70 hours of observation) in cases of timepressured incidents. We analyze the entanglement between the material and human agencies while the police officers were responding to two incidents (a holdup and a burglary). We assess the effect of technological constraints and affordances on human mindfulness. Mindfulness is important to achieve a successful collaborative response to an emergency where multiple High Reliability Teams are involved. When technology is not used to its full potential, our results show that it hinders collaboration between teams. Additionally, the results show the amount of time pressure affects the level of mindfulness among police officers.

[1]  Valeria Herskovic,et al.  Creating a family of collaborative applications for emergency management in the firefighting sub-domain , 2015, Information Systems Frontiers.

[2]  Paul M. Leonardi,et al.  When Flexible Routines Meet Flexible Technologies: Affordance, Constraint, and the Imbrication of Human and Material Agencies , 2011, MIS Q..

[3]  Carsten Sørensen,et al.  Tales from the police: Rhythms of interaction with mobile technologies , 2005, Inf. Organ..

[4]  B. Pentland,et al.  Organizational Routines as Grammars of Action , 1994 .

[5]  Michael D. Myers,et al.  Investigating Information Systems with Ethnographic Research , 1999, Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[6]  Matthew Jones,et al.  A Matter of Life and Death: Exploring Conceptualizations of Sociomateriality in the Context of Critical Care , 2014, MIS Q..

[7]  Thomas Dietz,et al.  Technology, Sociotechnical Systems, Technological Development : An Evolutionary Perspective , 1992 .

[8]  Angeline Goh,et al.  Validation of the technology acceptance model for police , 2005 .

[9]  Anne-Françoise Rutkowski,et al.  Social Consciousness in Post-conflict Reconstruction , 2015, GDN.

[10]  L. Taylor,et al.  Human Agency in Social Cognitive Theory , 1989 .

[11]  Tora K. Bikson,et al.  Mobile Technology and Action Teams: Assessing BlackBerry Use in Law Enforcement Units , 2010, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).

[12]  Brian S. Butler,et al.  Reliability, Mindfulness, and Information Systems , 2006, MIS Q..

[13]  Gert-Jan de Vreede,et al.  Two Case Studies of Achieving Repeatable Team Performance through Collaboration Engineering , 2014, MIS Q. Executive.

[14]  Orr Mendelson,et al.  A Typology of Affordances: Untangling Sociomaterial Interactions through Video Analysis , 2011, ICIS.

[15]  Ute Hoffmann,et al.  New technology at the outset : social forces in the shaping of technological innovations , 1992 .

[16]  Michael Marien,et al.  Book Review: The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies , 2014 .

[17]  E. Hollnagel Cognitive ergonomics: it's all in the mind , 1997 .

[18]  W. Orlikowski The sociomateriality of organisational life: considering technology in management research , 2010 .

[19]  Karl E. Weick,et al.  Managing the unexpected: Assuring high performance in an age of complexity. , 2001 .

[20]  Carsten Sørensen,et al.  On Mobile Technology in Context: Exploring Police Work , 2004 .

[21]  Michael D. Myers,et al.  Scholarship and practice: the contribution of ethnographic research methods to bridging the gap , 1994, Business Process Re-Engineering.

[22]  Julita Vassileva,et al.  Collaboration technology in teams and organizations: Introduction to the special issue , 2016, Inf. Syst. Frontiers.

[23]  E. Salas,et al.  Promoting health care safety through training high reliability teams , 2005, Quality and Safety in Health Care.

[24]  P. Leonardi,et al.  What’s Under Construction Here? Social Action, Materiality, and Power in Constructivist Studies of Technology and Organizing , 2010 .

[25]  Paul M. Leonardi,et al.  Materiality and Change: Challenges to Building Better Theory about Technology and Organizing , 2008, Inf. Organ..

[26]  H. Raghav Rao,et al.  Impact of Mobile Computing Terminals in Police Work , 2003, J. Organ. Comput. Electron. Commer..

[27]  Peter K. Manning,et al.  The Technology of Policing , 2022 .

[28]  J. R. Pluyter,et al.  Immersive training: breaking the bubble and measuring the heat , 2014, Surgical Endoscopy.

[29]  Ann Majchrzak,et al.  Technology Affordances and Constraints in Management Information Systems (MIS) , 2012 .

[30]  Kathleen M. Sutcliffe,et al.  Safety Organizing Scale , 2018 .

[31]  Anne-Françoise Rutkowski,et al.  Health information technologies: From hazardous to the dark side , 2016, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[32]  Martha S. Feldman,et al.  Dynamics of Organizational Routines: A Generative Model , 2012 .

[33]  Ilze Zigurs,et al.  A Theory of Task/Technology Fit and Group Support Systems Effectiveness , 1998, MIS Q..

[34]  P. Bierly Culture and High Reliability Organizations: The Case of the Nuclear Submarine: , 1995 .