Agrarian reform and urbanization in the Middle-East.
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A CURSORY LOOK at the history of developed countries suggests a close relationship between urbanization and economic development. A closer look, however, would suggest that urbanization may occur with or without economic development, but the contrary is hardly ever true. While these observations may be generally agreed upon, it is still a matter of controversy whether development in general-and development of agriculture in particular-should precede, accompany, or follow urbanization. The common policy statement that development should precede urbanization assumes that in sparsely populated areas rural labor is needed to produce more food and raw material for the country. In densely populated areas, rural labor should remain in the countryside until the urban economy has developed and become capable of absorbing them. Agrarian reform has been one mechanism of implementing this policy, at least in the postwar period.